User:Clayoquot/sandbox

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

H2 color codes[edit]

This section is an excerpt from Hydrogen production.[edit]

Hydrogen gas is produced by several industrial methods. Nearly all of the world's current supply of hydrogen is created from fossil fuels.[1][2]: 1  Most hydrogen is gray hydrogen made through steam methane reforming. In this process, hydrogen is produced from a chemical reaction between steam and methane, the main component of natural gas. Producing one tonne of hydrogen through this process emits 6.6–9.3 tonnes of carbon dioxide.[3] When carbon capture and storage is used to remove a large fraction of these emissions, the product is known as blue hydrogen.[4]

Green hydrogen is usually understood to be produced from renewable electricity via electrolysis of water.[5][6] Less frequently, definitions of green hydrogen include hydrogen produced from other low-emission sources such as biomass.[7] Producing green hydrogen is currently more expensive than producing gray hydrogen, and the efficiency of energy conversion is inherently low.[8] Other methods of hydrogen production include biomass gasification, methane pyrolysis, and extraction of underground hydrogen.[9]

As of 2023, less than 1% of dedicated hydrogen production is low-carbon, i.e. blue hydrogen, green hydrogen, and hydrogen produced from biomass.[10]

Color codes[edit]

Hydrogen is often referred to by various colors to indicate its origin (perhaps because gray symbolizes "dirty hydrogen"[11]).[12][13]

Colors that refer to method of production[14]
Color   Production source Notes References
green In most definitions, renewable electricity via electrolysis of water. Less frequently, definitions of green hydrogen include hydrogen produced from other low-emisison sources such as biomass. [15]
turquoise thermal splitting of methane via methane pyrolysis [16]: 28  [17]: 2 
blue hydrocarbons with carbon capture and storage CCS networks required [16]: 28 
gray fossil hydrocarbons, mainly steam reforming of natural gas [16]: 28  [18]: 10  [17]: 2 
brown or black fossil hydrocarbons: brown (lignite) or black coal via coal gasification or in a suitable reactor; requires abatement [19]: 91 
red, pink or purple nuclear power via thermochemical water splitting, electrolysis of water, or contributing steam to natural gas reforming [17]: 2 [11]
yellow sometimes understood to mean solar photovoltaics, or a mix of renewable and fossil electricity via photovoltaic [13]
gold or white hydrogen that occurs naturally deep within the Earth's crust obtained by mining; also referred to as white [20]

H2[edit]

The International Energy Agency’s (IEA) Net Zero Emissions Scenario for net zero global greenhouse gas emissions sees the direct use of hydrogen accounting for 8% of worldwide aviation energy demand, with synthetic hydrogen-based fuels (not used by hydrogen planes) comprising 25%. The IEA expects hydrogen aircraft to become commercially available from 2035, with half of small and medium-sized passenger aircraft sold to serve short- to mid-haul routes being hydrogen-fuelled by 2050[21]

Sources[edit]

  • Araújo, Kathleen (2014-03-01). "The emerging field of energy transitions: Progress, challenges, and opportunities". Energy Research & Social Science. 1: 112–121. doi:10.1016/j.erss.2014.03.002. ISSN 2214-6296.
  • Sovacool, Benjamin K. (2016-03-01). "How long will it take? Conceptualizing the temporal dynamics of energy transitions". Energy Research & Social Science. Energy Transitions in Europe: Emerging Challenges, Innovative Approaches, and Possible Solutions. 13: 202–215. doi:10.1016/j.erss.2015.12.020. ISSN 2214-6296.
  • Sovacool, Benjamin K., 'The History and Politics of Energy Transitions: Comparing Contested Views and Finding Common Ground', in Douglas Arent and others (eds), The Political Economy of Clean Energy Transitions (Oxford, 2017; online edn, Oxford Academic, 18 May 2017), https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802242.003.0002, accessed 1 June 2023.</ref>

IPCC[22] This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.

IPCC TS:[23]

WRI: [24][25][26]

EGR: [27]

[28]

Common mistakes for new climate editors

1) Don't start by creating a new article about a person or organization

New editors often start by writing an article about an organization they belong to or a person they know and/or admire. This is usually a disappointing experience because reviews at [[Wikipedia:Articles for Creation|Articles for Creation]] take a long time and most submissions are declined. The Wikipedia community strongly recommends that newcomers start by editing existing articles.

If you have already submitted something to Articles for Creation, please keep contributing while you are waiting for the draft to be reviewed. If your draft is declined, don't take this as an indication that you aren't a good fit for Wikipedia. You are probably a good contributor but you don't know it yet because you attempted a task that has a very low rate of success.

Here's an exception to this "don't": If you are writing a new article as part of an editathon, the organizers are probably helping you choose a topic to write about and are helping you avoid common pitfalls. The review process is probably also integrated into the editathon. These factors will increase your chance of success.

2) Writing about an organization or person you know

3) Adding to the "External links" section.

In

4) Editing articles that are already top-quality.

Don't edit the biography of someone you disagree with



What to do instead

1) Edit existing articles

Edits to existing articles are much more likely to be accepted than creations of existing articles, and they usually have more readers as well.

3) Edit the body of the article, not the External links section


2) Read articles about topics you already know well

Most of us use Wikipedia to find out about topics we know nothing about. This leads to the impression that Wikipedia is better than it actually is. If you read an article about a topic you already know, you may be surprised to see issues that you know how to fix.

Update old information

Expand an article about a book

History and terminology[edit]

"For all these reasons, WHO has reformulated the access to clean cooking indicator to measure the “proportion of population primarily using clean fuels and technologies for cooking,” and this has been adopted as part of SDG 7 (“Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all”). This reformation automatically increases the cooking access relative to what was reported in previous GTFs. For example, in 2012 the 134 million households estimated as using kerosene were not counted as part of the cooking access deficit, but they would be now. This report recalculates the historical series using the new definition back to 2000, and all results are reported in these terms."

p. 52, https://trackingsdg7.esmap.org/data/files/download-documents/eegp17-01_gtf_full_report_for_web_0516.pdf

The term "clean cookstove" has often been used without defining what the term means.[29] The World Bank uses a system of six attributes measuring exposure to pollutants, efficiency, affordability, safety, availability, and convenience. Cooking facilities are ranked on a scale of one to five in each attribute. [30]: 5 

ISO defines "clean cookstove" as a cookstove that "reduces emissions to an acceptable level when fed with a defined fuel or fuels"


Footnote testing:

  • on a scale of one to five in each attribute. [30]: 5 
    on a scale of one to five in each attribute. [30]: 26–27 

Welcome to Wikipedia from WikiProject Climate Change![edit]

Climate articles need a lot of work. Thanks for being here!

Thanks for coming aboard! We're a group of editors who strive to improve the quality of climate change articles here on Wikipedia. I noticed that you are interested in editing related articles; it's great to have a new editor on board.

Wikipedia is the most requested, published, accessed, and consulted source of information on climate change in every language. Wikipedia is the best choice for education and dissemination of information in general, and also the best path to reach influencers including journalists, policy makers, politicians, and decision makers at all levels. A few things that may be relevant to editing Wikipedia articles are:

  • Feel free to leave us a message at any time on our talk page. If you are interested in joining the project yourself, there is a participant list where you can sign up. Please leave a message on the talk page if you have any problems, suggestions, would like review of an article, need suggestions for articles to edit, or would like some collaboration when editing!
  • For ideas on sources, check out our recommended sources collection.
  • The Wikipedia community includes a wide variety of editors with different interests, skills, and knowledge. We all manage to get along through a lot of discussion that happens under the scenes and through the bold, revert, discuss editing cycle. If you encounter any problems, you can discuss them on an article's talk page or post a message on the talk page. Or for general questions about how Wikipedia works, feel free to ask at the Wikipedia Teahouse.

Feel free to drop a note on my talk page if you have any questions. I wish you all the best! Clayoquot (talk | contribs) 00:39, 13 July 2023 (UTC)

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Reed, Stanley; Ewing, Jack (13 July 2021). "Hydrogen Is One Answer to Climate Change. Getting It Is the Hard Part". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 14 July 2021. Retrieved 14 July 2021.
  2. ^ Rosenow, Jan (27 September 2022). "Is heating homes with hydrogen all but a pipe dream? An evidence review". Joule. 6 (10): 2225–2228. doi:10.1016/j.joule.2022.08.015. ISSN 2542-4785. S2CID 252584593. Article in press.
  3. ^ Bonheure, Mike; Vandewalle, Laurien A.; Marin, Guy B.; Van Geem, Kevin M. (March 2021). "Dream or Reality? Electrification of the Chemical Process Industries". CEP Magazine. American Institute of Chemical Engineers. Archived from the original on 17 July 2021. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
  4. ^ Griffiths, Steve; Sovacool, Benjamin K.; Kim, Jinsoo; Bazilian, Morgan; et al. (2021). "Industrial decarbonization via hydrogen: A critical and systematic review of developments, socio-technical systems and policy options" (PDF). Energy Research & Social Science. 80: 39. doi:10.1016/j.erss.2021.102208. ISSN 2214-6296. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  5. ^ Squadrito, Gaetano; Maggio, Gaetano; Nicita, Agatino (2023-11-01). "The green hydrogen revolution". Renewable Energy. 216: 119041. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2023.119041. ISSN 0960-1481.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference Hydrogen production :2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ Squadrito, Gaetano; Maggio, Gaetano; Nicita, Agatino (2023-11-01). "The green hydrogen revolution". Renewable Energy. 216: 119041. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2023.119041. ISSN 0960-1481.
  8. ^ Evans, Simon; Gabbatiss, Josh (30 November 2020). "In-depth Q&A: Does the world need hydrogen to solve climate change?". Carbon Brief. Archived from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
  9. ^ "Natural Hydrogen: A Potential Clean Energy Source Beneath Our Feet". Yale E360. Retrieved 2024-03-23.
  10. ^ "Hydrogen". IEA. 10 July 2023. "Energy" section. Retrieved 2023-09-21.
  11. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ "Hydrogen Color Explained". Sensonic. Retrieved 2023-11-22.
  13. ^ a b national grid. "The hydrogen colour spectrum". National Grid Group. London, United Kingdom. Retrieved 2022-09-29.
  14. ^ "What potential for natural hydrogen?". Energy Observer. Retrieved 2023-07-03.
  15. ^ Deign, Jason (2020-06-29). "So, What Exactly Is Green Hydrogen?". Greentechmedia. Archived from the original on 2022-03-23. Retrieved 2022-02-11.
  16. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference bmwi-2020 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  17. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference van-de-graaf-etal-2020 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  18. ^ Cite error: The named reference sansom-etal-2020 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  19. ^ Cite error: The named reference bruce-etal-2018 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  20. ^ Department of Earth Sciences (12 September 2022). "Gold hydrogen". Department of Earth Sciences, Oxford University. Oxford, United Kingdom. Retrieved 2022-09-29.
  21. ^ https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/830fe099-5530-48f2-a7c1-11f35d510983/WorldEnergyOutlook2022.pdf. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  22. ^ Nabuurs, G-J.; Mrabet, R.; Abu Hatab, A.; Bustamante, M.; et al. "Chapter 7: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Uses (AFOLU)" (PDF). Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. p. 258. doi:[https://doi.org/10.1017%2F9781009157926.009%0Apage%3D 10.1017/9781009157926.009 page=]. {{cite book}}: Check |doi= value (help); Missing pipe in: |doi= (help); line feed character in |doi= at position 26 (help)
  23. ^ Pathak, M.; Slade, R.; Shukla, P.R.; Skea, J.; et al. "Technical Summary" (PDF). Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. p. 258. doi:10.1017/9781009157926.002.
  24. ^ Boehm, Sophie; Jeffery, Louise; Levin, Kelly; Hecke, Judit; Schumer, Clea; Fyson, Claire; Majid, Aman; Jaeger, Joel; Nilsson, Anna; Naimoli, Stephen; Thwaites, Joe; Cassidy, Emily; Lebling, Katie; Sims, Michelle; Waite, Richard (2022-26-10). "State of Climate Action 2022". {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  25. ^ Boehm, Sophie; Jeffery, Louise; Levin, Kelly; Hecke, Judit; Schumer, Clea; Fyson, Claire; Majid, Aman; Jaeger, Joel; Nilsson, Anna; Naimoli, Stephen; Thwaites, Joe; Cassidy, Emily; Lebling, Katie; Sims, Michelle; Waite, Richard (2022-26-10). "State of Climate Action 2022". doi:10.46830/wrirpt.22.00028. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  26. ^ Boehm, Sophie (2022-10-26). State of Climate Action 2022. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute.
  27. ^ United Nations Environment Programme (2022). Emissions Gap Report 2022: The Closing Window — Climate crisis calls for rapid transformation of societies. Nairobi.
  28. ^ Ritchie, Hannah; Roser, Max; Rosado, Pablo (2022-10-27). "Energy". Our World in Data.
  29. ^ Vaidyanathan, Gayathri. "Most of the world's poor continue to use unhealthy and polluting traditional cookstoves". Scroll.in. Retrieved 2021-09-26.
  30. ^ a b c "Multi-Tier Framework for Cooking: A Comprehensive Assessment Method to Measure Access to Modern Energy Cooking Services". World Bank. Retrieved 2022-04-15.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Clayoquot/sandbox&oldid=1223690722"