User:Dolphinbub19/my little liners

RMS Superic

RMS Superic on her sea trials, preparing to leave Southampton, on 28 November 1919
History
White Star LineUnited Kingdom
Name	RMS Superic
Owner	White Star Line
Port of registry	Liverpool
Route	Southampton to New York City
Ordered	18 August 1914
Builder	Harland and Wolff yards in Belfast, Ireland
Yard number	402
Laid down	30 November 1915
Launched	30 January 1917
Christened	Not christened
Completed	9 December 1919
Maiden voyage	6 December 1919
In service	1919 — 1954
Identification	Radio callsign "MRK" UK official number: 131429
Fate	Scrapped after illustrious career in 1932
General characteristics
Class and type	Olympic-class ocean liner
Tonnage	69,372 GRT
Displacement	78,594 tons
Length	982 ft 12 in (299.6 m)
Beam	99 ft (30.2 m)
Height	176 ft (53.6 m)
Draught	35 ft 7 in (10.8 m)
Depth	69 ft 4 in (21.1 m)
Decks	13
Installed power	27 double-ended (nine furnace) and 6 single-ended (four furnace) Scotch marine boilers Six four-cylinder reciprocating triple-expansion steam engines each producing 19,000 HP for the two outboard wing propellers at 79 revolutions per minute Five low-pressure Parsons turbines producing 20,000 HP 62,000 (design) – 79,000 (maximum)
Propulsion	Four bronze triple-blade wing propellers Two bronze quadruple-blade wing propellers
Speed	27 knots (50 km/h; 31 mph) 29 knots (54 km/h; 33 mph)
Capacity	Passengers and crew (fully loaded): 5874 Staterooms (945 total): First-class: 324 Second-class: 111 Third-class: 510
Crew	3,836

RMS Superic was once the world's largest passenger liner when refitting back at Harland and Wolff in Belfast in 1918. She also served as a maritime hospital ship during World War II, and as a troopship later in the year. Superic was built alongside the "fantastic trio" known as the Olympic, the Titanic and the Britannic. The ship was related with the vessel Britannic's sinking (in which her crewmembers sent a CQD distress signal), but they decided to ignore the "non-essential" message.

Superic's maiden voyage came after the Titanic sank, in which before it was sent back to add sufficient lifeboats and safety features. She had many years of service, until finally being scrapped in 1932 at the same place where Olympic and rival Cunard Line's Mauretania. On 4 November 1916 at 19:58, she struck the submarine SM U-9's port side, being severely damaged but not resulting in her sinking. Germans quickly criticised the liner for the damage wrought to a U-boat, but many British soldiers were impressed with her work and nicknamed her "Big Hickory".

Superic also became an icon for British passenger liners, and many of her constructors were praised for the ship's accuracy, and was also given the title of being "practically unsikable" (a title previously given to her sister ship, Titanic), because when she struck a ship, she had never sank and could limp back to Southampton.

Design and launch

Superic stands alone at the shipyard, awaiting launch

Superic's keel was laid on 30 November 1915 at Harland and Wolff, where White Star Line's chairman J. Bruce Ismay and the shipyard's chairman Lord Pirrie intended to make the Olympic-class ships the largest and most luxurious of all time, to surpass Cunard's biggest vessels, Lusitania and Mauretania. Of these ships, two were lost: Titanic sank after colliding with an iceberg on 14 April 1912 off the Grand Banks (south of Newfoundland), and Britannic sank after striking a naval mine on 21 November 1916, off the Greek island of Kea (in the Kea Channel), so both Superic and Olympic were given 45 collapsible lifeboats and fitted with more safety features.

Superic was nearly identical to her sister ship, Magnetic II, and was also described as "a second unsinkable ship compared to the White Star ill-fated luxury flagship Titanic which was given the title without qualification". Superic's promenade deck was enclosed to avoid further damage from negative weather, and the ship's wheelhouse was made larger than her sister ship Titanic's. The ship would be under command of Herbert Haddock during her maiden voyage on 6 December 1919. For her launch, Superic was painted black, but later into her career, she was covered in grey.

Changes made from RMS Titanic

Due to the design flaws that made Titanic seem unsafe, Superic's layout was improved, including the aspect of adding more of the following changes.

Sufficient lifeboats

It is clear that much of Titanic's passengers died due to having lifeboats for only 1,178 people

Due to the lack of lifeboats for ships over 10,000 tons, White Star Line ordered 45 collapsible lifeboats for Superic; no single source regarded nothing more that insufficient lifeboats would cause an extreme loss of life during a disaster in maritime travel. Alexander Carlisle, Harland and Wolff's general manager, suggested equipping RMS Titanic with a new, larger type of davit, giving her the potential to carry as many as 48 lifeboats; this would have carried enough of the capacity on board. However, White Star Line suggested to use only 20 lifeboats, carrying a maximum amount of 1,178 passengers and crew, when not even that many survived.

Superic quickly went through an overhaul and White Star Line ordered a full total of 45 collapsible lifeboats, to cause less loss of life. The same was done with Olympic; following the year of 1912, many ships provided the right number of lifeboats.

Bulkhead height and steel plating

Titanic's bulkheads were only a measured 10 ft (3 m) high, which might not make them fully watertight. Superic's bulkheads were then extended to a height of 15 ft (4.6 m), which would make them resist enough damage. It was suggested by White Star Line that "the higher it is, the more watertight it can be", and the same was done with Olympic's bulkheads.

Since the iceberg buckled Titanic's hull, the water flowed into the steel plates

It is also reasonable, however, that the Titanic's steel plating was not strong enough to resist damage wrought by an iceberg. Since this, the steel plate for Superic's hull was extended to 5 inches in thickness, which is strong enough.