This template employs intricate features of template syntax.
You are encouraged to familiarise yourself with its setup and parser functions before editing the template. If your edit causes unexpected problems, please undo it quickly, as this template may appear on a large number of pages.
You can conduct experiments, and should test all major changes, in either this template's sandbox, the general template sandbox, or your user space before changing anything here.
A "note" parameter is available for every parameters for qualifying the entry. Its name is always the same as the parameter you are amending, without units, and "note" attached to the end. For example |range miles=420 and |range note=with maximum wing fuel, VTOL, and 10% reserve. Some parameters (i.e. |crew=) will display any text entered and do not require the use of notes.
{{Aircraft specs|ref=<!-- the reference for the data given -->|prime units?=<!-- "imp", "kts" or "met" to display the units in a given order. Without an entry here, no specifications will show --><!-- General characteristics-->|genhide=|crew=|capacity=|length m=|length ft=|length in=|span m=|span ft=|span in=|height m=|height ft=|height in=|wing area sqm=|wing area sqft=|empty weight kg=|empty weight lb=|gross weight kg=|gross weight lb=|fuel capacity=<!-- Powerplant-->|eng1 number=|eng1 name=|eng1 type=|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->|eng1 hp=<!-- prop engines -->|eng1 shp=<!-- prop engines -->|eng1 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->|eng1 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->|eng1 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->|eng1 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->|prop blade number=<!-- propeller aircraft -->|prop name=|prop dia m=<!-- propeller aircraft -->|prop dia ft=<!-- propeller aircraft -->|prop dia in=<!-- propeller aircraft --><!-- Performance-->|perfhide=|max speed kmh=|max speed mph=|max speed kts=|max speed mach=<!-- supersonic aircraft -->|cruise speed kmh=<!-- if max speed unknown -->|cruise speed mph=<!-- if max speed unknown -->|cruise speed kts=|range km=|range miles=|range nmi=|ceiling m=|ceiling ft=|climb rate ms=|climb rate ftmin=|more performance=|avionics=}}
Common civilian rotorcraft parameters
{{Aircraft specs|ref=<!-- reference -->|prime units?=<!-- imp or kts first for US aircraft, and UK aircraft pre-metrification, met(ric) first for all others. You MUST choose a format, or no specifications will show --><!-- General characteristics-->|genhide=|crew=|capacity=|length m=|length ft=|length in=|dia m=<!-- airships etc -->|dia ft=<!-- airships etc -->|dia in=<!-- airships etc -->|width m=<!-- if applicable -->|width ft=<!-- if applicable -->|width in=<!-- if applicable -->|height m=|height ft=|height in=|empty weight kg=|empty weight lb=|gross weight kg=|gross weight lb=|max takeoff weight kg=|max takeoff weight lb=|more general=<!-- Powerplant-->|eng1 number=|eng1 name=|eng1 type=|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->|eng1 hp=<!-- prop engines -->|eng1 shp=<!-- prop engines -->|eng1 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->|eng1 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->|power original=|thrust original=|eng1 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->|eng1 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->|more power=|rot number=<!-- helicopters -->|rot dia m=<!-- helicopters -->|rot dia ft=<!-- helicopters -->|rot dia in=<!-- helicopters -->|rot area sqm=<!-- helicopters -->|rot area sqft=<!-- helicopters --><!-- Performance-->|perfhide=|max speed kmh=|max speed mph=|max speed kts=|cruise speed kmh=<!-- if max speed unknown -->|cruise speed mph=<!-- if max speed unknown -->|cruise speed kts=|range km=|range miles=|range nmi=|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->|ceiling m=|ceiling ft=|g limits=<!-- aerobatic -->|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->|climb rate ms=|climb rate ftmin=|lift to drag=|disk loading kg/m2
|disk loading lb/sqft=|more performance=|avionics=}}
Common military airplane parameters
{{Aircraft specs|ref=<!-- reference -->|prime units?=<!-- imp or kts first for US aircraft, and UK aircraft pre-metrification, met(ric) first for all others. You MUST choose a format, or no specifications will show --><!-- General characteristics-->|genhide=|crew=|capacity=|length m=|length ft=|length in=|span m=|span ft=|span in=|swept m=<!-- swing-wings -->|swept ft=<!-- swing-wings -->|swept in=<!-- swing-wings -->|height m=|height ft=|height in=|wing area sqm=|wing area sqft=|wing area note=|swept area sqm=<!-- swing-wings -->|swept area sqft=<!-- swing-wings -->|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->|airfoil=|empty weight kg=|empty weight lb=|empty weight note=|gross weight kg=|gross weight lb=|gross weight note=|fuel capacity=|more general=<!-- Powerplant-->|eng1 number=|eng1 name=|eng1 type=|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->|eng1 hp=<!-- prop engines -->|eng1 shp=<!-- prop engines -->|eng1 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->|eng1 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->|power original=|thrust original=|eng1 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->|eng1 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->|more power=|prop blade number=<!-- propeller aircraft -->|prop name=|prop dia m=<!-- propeller aircraft -->|prop dia ft=<!-- propeller aircraft -->|prop dia in=<!-- propeller aircraft -->|prop note=<!-- Performance-->|perfhide=|max speed kmh=|max speed mph=|max speed kts=|max speed mach=<!-- supersonic aircraft -->|cruise speed kmh=<!-- if max speed unknown -->|cruise speed mph=<!-- if max speed unknown -->|cruise speed kts=|never exceed speed kmh=|never exceed speed mph=|never exceed speed kts=|range km=|range miles=|range nmi=|combat range km=|combat range miles=|combat range nmi=|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->|ceiling m=|ceiling ft=|g limits=<!-- aerobatic -->|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->|climb rate ms=|climb rate ftmin=|lift to drag=|wing loading kg/m2=|wing loading lb/sqft=|wing loading note=|more performance=<!-- Armament-->|armament=<!-- add bulletted list here or if you want to use the following specific parameters, remove this parameter-->|guns=|bombs=|rockets=|missiles=|hardpoints=|hardpoint capacity=|hardpoint rockets=|hardpoint missiles=|hardpoint bombs=|hardpoint other=|avionics=}}
Full parameters
{{Aircraft specs|ref=<!-- reference -->|prime units?=<!-- imp or kts first for US aircraft, and UK aircraft pre-metrification, met(ric) first for all others. You MUST choose a format, or no specifications will show --><!-- General characteristics-->|genhide=|crew=|capacity=|length m=|length ft=|length in=|length note=|span m=|span ft=|span in=|span note=|upper span m=|upper span ft=|upper span in=|upper span note=|mid span m=|mid span ft=|mid span in=|mid span note=|lower span m=|lower span ft=|lower span in=|lower span note=|swept m=<!-- swing-wings -->|swept ft=<!-- swing-wings -->|swept in=<!-- swing-wings -->|swept note=|dia m=<!-- airships etc -->|dia ft=<!-- airships etc -->|dia in=<!-- airships etc -->|dia note=|width m=<!-- if applicable -->|width ft=<!-- if applicable -->|width in=<!-- if applicable -->|width note=|height m=|height ft=|height in=|height note=|wing area sqm=|wing area sqft=|wing area note=|swept area sqm=<!-- swing-wings -->|swept area sqft=<!-- swing-wings -->|swept area note=|volume m3=<!-- lighter-than-air -->|volume ft3=<!-- lighter-than-air -->|volume note=|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->|airfoil=|empty weight kg=|empty weight lb=|empty weight note=|gross weight kg=|gross weight lb=|gross weight note=|max takeoff weight kg=|max takeoff weight lb=|max takeoff weight note=|fuel capacity=|lift kg=<!-- lighter-than-air -->|lift lb=<!-- lighter-than-air -->|lift note=|more general=<!-- Powerplant-->|eng1 number=|eng1 name=|eng1 type=|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->|eng1 hp=<!-- prop engines -->|eng1 shp=<!-- prop engines -->|eng1 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->|eng1 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->|eng1 note=|power original=|thrust original=|eng1 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->|eng1 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->|eng2 number=|eng2 name=|eng2 type=|eng2 kw=<!-- prop engines -->|eng2 hp=<!-- prop engines -->|eng2 shp=<!-- prop engines -->|eng2 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->|eng2 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->|eng2 note=|eng2 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->|eng2 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->|eng3 number=|eng3 name=|eng3 type=|eng3 kw=<!-- prop engines -->|eng3 hp=<!-- prop engines -->|eng3 shp=<!-- prop engines -->|eng3 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->|eng3 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines -->|eng3 note=|eng3 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners -->|eng3 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->|more power=|prop blade number=<!-- propeller aircraft -->|prop name=|prop dia m=<!-- propeller aircraft -->|prop dia ft=<!-- propeller aircraft -->|prop dia in=<!-- propeller aircraft -->|prop dia note=|rot number=<!-- helicopters -->|rot dia m=<!-- helicopters -->|rot dia ft=<!-- helicopters -->|rot dia in=<!-- helicopters -->|rot area sqm=<!-- helicopters -->|rot area sqft=<!-- helicopters -->|rot area note=<!-- Performance-->|perfhide=|max speed kmh=|max speed mph=|max speed kts=|max speed note=|max speed mach=<!-- supersonic aircraft -->|cruise speed kmh=|cruise speed mph=|cruise speed kts=|cruise speed note=|stall speed kmh=|stall speed mph=|stall speed kts=|stall speed note=|never exceed speed kmh=|never exceed speed mph=|never exceed speed kts=|never exceed speed note=|minimum control speed kmh=|minimum control speed mph=|minimum control speed kts=|minimum control speed note=|range km=|range miles=|range nmi=|range note=|combat range km=|combat range miles=|combat range nmi=|combat range note=|ferry range km=|ferry range miles=|ferry range nmi=|ferry range note=|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->|ceiling m=|ceiling ft=|ceiling note=|g limits=<!-- aerobatic -->|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->|glide ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->|climb rate ms=|climb rate ftmin=|climb rate note=|time to altitude=|sink rate ms=<!-- sailplanes -->|sink rate ftmin=<!-- sailplanes -->|sink rate note=|lift to drag=|wing loading kg/m2=|wing loading lb/sqft=|wing loading note=|disk loading kg/m2=|disk loading lb/sqft=|disk loading note=|fuel consumption kg/km=|fuel consumption lb/mi=|power/mass=|thrust/weight=|more performance=<!-- Armament-->|armament=<!-- add bulletted list here or if you want to use the following specific parameters, remove this parameter-->|guns=|bombs=|rockets=|missiles=|hardpoints=|hardpoint capacity=|hardpoint rockets=|hardpoint missiles=|hardpoint bombs=|hardpoint other=|avionics=}}
This template was designed so that the data supported by it should be largely self-explanatory. A detailed description of the various fields, with examples, follows:
|ref= – allows for the data in this section to be specifically sourced.
|prime units?= (MANDATORY) – switches the template from displaying SI (metric) units first (by entering met) or English (Imperial) units first (by entering imp for mph first or kts for kts or nautical miles first). There is a long-standing convention within WikiProject:Aircraft that specifications for US, Canadian and UK aircraft (for the UK periods differ - e.g. RAF aircraft until post war used mph, FAA aircraft operated in knots) should be given as English units first, and all others as SI units first.
you must include imp, kts, or met in this field or the template won't display at all!
|genhide= – allows the "General characteristics" heading to be manually turned off in the rare case that none of the data in this section is available. Enter |genhide=Y to do this. If using this parameter, please leave a hidden note so that other editors will know to remove this line to turn the heading back on again.
Example: |genhide=Y
|crew= the number of people typically required to operate the aircraft, and their positions (if known). For commercial aircraft, this may include cabin crew. If specific positions are not known, this field might just contain a number. If the number is "One", however, it's safe to assume that this person's job might be "pilot"! Drones and UAVs should have "None" in this field. Examples:
Four
One pilot
None
Three: Pilot, co-pilot, and navigator/radio operator
Two: Pilot and tail-gunner
Five: Two pilots, flight engineer, two cabin crew
|capacity= – the passenger and/or cargo carrying capacity of the aircraft. Typically, this may include some alternatives when a transport aircraft is typically configurable for a variety of cargo types. In these cases, the alternatives should be separated by or (in italics) Examples
32 passengers
2,000 kg (4,400 lb) of cargo
320 US gal (1,200 L) of chemicals
Eight 463L cargo pallets
Six passengers or two litters with attendants
|length= – the overall length of the airframe. For rotary-wing aircraft, this is the fuselage length, not counting areas swept by turning rotors.
|span= – the overall wingspan for fixed-wing aircraft. This does not count areas swept by turning propellers, but does include the width of tip-tanks, finlets, and non-removable wingtip weapons stations.
One or more of |, |, | and/or
One or more of these pairs for bi- and tri-planes, a separate measurement for each wing can be entered. For bi-planes use "upper" and "lower". For tri-planes use "upper", "mid", and "lower". If the spans are equal, use | instead.[why?]:
|upper span ft= and |upper span in=
|mid span ft= and |mid span in=
|lower span ft= and |lower span in=
|swept m= and/or
|swept f= and |swept in= – the swept wingspan on variable-geometry fixed-wing aircraft
|dia= – the diameter of an aircraft where this is the best way to describe it. This will most often be used for describing airships and balloons, but will also make sense for disc-shaped (Example: VZ-1 Pawnee, Avro Avrocar) or cylindrical (Example: SNECMA Coléoptère) heavier-than-air aircraft. Please do not use this to express a fuselage diameter of a conventional heavier-than-air aircraft – mention that in the article text if it's relevant.
|width= – the width of an aircraft in the few very rare cases where this is the best way to describe it (example: Rolls-Royce Thrust Measuring Rig, LLRV)
|height= – the overall height of an aircraft, landing gear extended
|wing area= – the area of the mainplanes of a fixed-wing aircraft. This excludes the area of horizontal stabiliser or canards. For biplanes, triplanes, and multiplanes, this is the sum of all mainplane areas. For variable-geometry aircraft, this is the unswept area
|swept area= – for variable-geometry aircraft where the mainplane area differs depending on whether the wings are swept or not.
|volume= – the envelope volume of a lighter-than-air or hybrid aircraft. Please do not use this to express the volume of a cargo space – put that under "capacity" if it's relevant.
|aspect ratio= – the ratio of the length of a wing to its chord. While measurable in any fixed-wing aircraft, please only provide this specification when describing sailplanes or for aircraft where this is an important parameter. This can also be used for root, tip, and mid point information.
|airfoil= – For fixed wing aircraft, the type of airfoil the wing uses, e.g. see NACA airfoil for information on airfoil types.
|empty weight= – the unloaded, unfuelled, unoccupied weight of the aircraft. In most cases, this will be the Basic Aircraft Empty Weight. For lighter-than-air or hybrid aircraft, this will be the structural weight of the aircraft.
|gross weight= – the fully-loaded weight of the aircraft. In most cases, this will be the Maximum Take Off Weight.
|max takeoff weight= – the maximum takeoff weight of the aircraft, when different from the above gross weight.
|fuel capacity= – description of fuel capacity.
|lift= – the static lift of a lighter-than-air or hybrid aircraft. Please do not use this to describe dynamic lift.
|more general= – A place to put anything relevant not included already under the general parameters e.g. "Fuel Capacity: 500 gallons"
At present, the template allows for up to three different types of engines on an aircraft. Typically, this will be used for mixed-power aircraft with piston-engines and jets, or jets and rockets, but occasionally an aircraft will be fitted with more than one type of piston engine. Please do not use this for APUs, or for alternative engine fits.
|eng number= – the number of this type of engine, expressed with a digit
|eng name= – the manufacturer and model of the engine. You need to specify something here otherwise nothing will be shown. Please make sure to wikilink this to the engine article. Please do not simply link to the engine manufacturer to avoid a redlink here. Redlinks are good! They help us grow! Example: |eng1 name=Pratt & Whitney R-4360-53 "Wasp Major".
|eng kw=, |eng hp= and |eng shp= – the rated power of a propeller engine (whether piston or turbine-driven)
|power original= – For some engines the power output may have been originally measured in an unconventional unit. For example, older German engines originally had their power measured in Pferdestärke (PS). Sample usage of this parameter: |power original=Originally measured as 15,000 PS.
|eng kn= and |eng lbf= – the rated dry thrust of a jet or rocket engine
|thrust original= – Some jet or rocket engines had their original measurements taken in unconventional units. For example, many Russian and Soviet engines were originally rated using kilogram-force.
|eng kn-ab= and |eng lbf-ab= – the afterburning thrust of a jet engine so equipped.
|eng note= – a note that appears after the thrust value. Use this for when data does not fit in the other parameters e.g. expressing a range of power value.
|prop blade number= – the number of propellers on a propeller aircraft.
|prop name= – description of the propellers.
|prop dia m=, |prop dia ft=, and |prop dia in= – the diameter of the propeller(s)
|prop dia note= – a note that appears after the propeller value. Use this for when data does not fit in the other parameters e.g. expressing a range of values.
|rot number= – the number of main (lifting) rotors on a rotary-wing aircraft. This will only be displayed if the number is greater than 1
|rot dia= – the diameter of the main (lifting) rotor(s) on a rotary-wing aircraft
|rot area= – the area of the main (lifting) rotor(s) of a rotary-wing aircraft. For multi-rotor aircraft, this is the sum of all rotor areas.
|more power= – A place to put anything relevant not included already under the engine parameters
|perfhide= – allows the "Performance" heading to be manually turned off in the rare case that none of the data in this section is available. Enter |perfhide=Y to do this. If using this parameter, please leave a hidden note so that other editors will know to remove this line to turn the heading back on again.
Example: |perfhide=Y
|max speed= – the maximum speed of the aircraft
|cruise speed= – the maximum cruising speed of the aircraft (usually only specified where the maximum speed is unknown)
|stall speed= – the stall speed of the aircraft
|never exceed speed= – never exceed speed (Vne) of the aircraft
|minimum control speed kmh= – minimum control speed (VMC) of the aircraft
|range= – the maximum unrefuelled range of the aircraft
|combat range= – the maximum range of the aircraft loaded for combat
|ferry range= – the maximum range of the aircraft with ferry fuel
|endurance= – the maximum flight endurance of the aircraft, where the range is unknown (this is particularly common in specifications of early aircraft).
|ceiling= – the service ceiling of the aircraft
|glide ratio= – the maximum glide ratio of an aircraft. Please only include this specification when describing gliders and sailplanes.
|climb rate= – the maximum rate of climb for a powered aircraft
|time to altitude= – referenced time to climb to altitude, usually in "minutes to x thousand feet"
|sink rate= – the minimum rate of sink for an aircraft. Please only include this specification when describing gliders and sailplanes.
You can use | followed by a bulleted list of the armaments, or omit that line entirely and use the following specific parameters. If you include the line |armament= at all—even with an empty value—then none of the following parameters will have any effect. When using bulleted lists keep the usage asterisks or colons consistent to avoid accesibility and rendering issues, see WP:COLAS.
|guns=
|bombs=
|rockets=
|missiles=
|hardpoints= – to specify the number of hardpoints
|hardpoint capacity= – to specify the capacity of hardpoints (e.g. as total payload), and the following to specify the types of hardpoint weapons:
By default, the template will round the result of any measurement unit conversions. The default precision is such that the converted (output) value has approximately the same number of significant figures as the unconverted (input) value. To override the significant figures, use |measurement sigfig= where measurement is the measurement being converted. For example, for |length m= or |length ft=, |length sigfig=3 would set the significant figures to three. This only applies to converted values, and has no effect if the measurement is given in both units (typically not recommended).
