User:Sfazli2018/sandbox

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I. ARTICLE EVALUATIION:

II. Interested Topics:

1.Talk:Galápagos sea lion

2. [1]

3. Animal echolocation

Toothed whales[edit]

Biosonar is valuable to toothed whales (suborder Odontoceti), including dolphins, porpoises, river dolphins, killer whales and sperm whales, because they live in an underwater habitat that has favourable acoustic characteristics and where vision is extremely limited in range due to absorption or turbidity.[citation needed]

EDIT: Biosonar is valuable to the Odontoceti (dolphins, porpoises, killer whales and sperm whales), they rely on it for navigating, communicating, and hunting in the dark depths of the ocean where there is little to no light [1]

III. Article Chosen to add to:

Taxonomy:

A distinct characteristic between sea lion species and seals is their visible external pinnae or ear flaps. CITE

Distribution:

Less than a quarter of them reside on the most tourist drawn area, San Cristabol Island[2].

- diet and feeding patterns

During El Niño events, when fish populations either die or migrate, sea lions dive down deeper into the ocean to feed on lantern fish[3].

-diving respiratory system

- adaptations (behavioral and physical)

Different techniques on how sea lions (thermoregulate) to keeps cool or warm:

Galapagos Sea Lion displaying behaviors of "jug handle" to reduce heat loss[4].

The Galapagos Sea lion lives in a tropical climate and has adopted certain traits for Thermoregulation. Since they have more fur than blubber and cannot shed layers of the fur, they have adopted behavioral strategies on how to keep cool or warm whether they are on land or in the ocean. Some behavioral techniques displayed to keep cool is by "sailing" which is when they hold their fin and face out of the water. As Well as flipping the cool sand on their bodies or burrowing their face into the sand when they are resting on shore.On the other hand to keep warm, they do similar strategies like "jug-handle" and thigmotaxis. During the breeding seasons, the areas closest to the shores are more preferred and busy. Although males rarely leave the females side unless it is extremely hot and dry they will take a quick dive for few seconds and return back to the females side[4].

Threats:

They are protected from human contact with strict rules, but as human population continues to grow it causes great risk for death and diseases [2]. The sea lions have learned that being near the fisheries they have a better chance at capturing fish with little to no work, but in result there is more risk for danger by boats and net entanglement[2]. They are impacted by humans indirectly as well. Domestic pets such as dogs which become stray tend to gang up and injure the sea lions[2]. Since Malaria is prevalent in tropical areas, a pesticide used is known as DDT, Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane[5]. From years 2008 through 2012 death by diseases increased[2]. Although adult sea lions have less to worry about, pups are easy targets for killer whales and sharks.

  1. ^ "Whales, dolphins and sound". Australian Government Department of Environment and Energy. Retrieved 02/27/2018. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  2. ^ a b c d e Denkinger, Judith; Gordillo, Luis; Montero-Serra, Ignasi; Murrilo, Juan Carlos; Guevara, Nataly; Hirschfield, Maximillian; Fietz, Katharina; Rubianes, Francisco; Dan, Michael (November 2015). "Urban life of Galapagos Sea Lions (Zalophus wollebaeki) on San Cristobal Island, Ecuador:colony trend and threats". Journal of Sea Research. 105: 10–14 – via Academic Search Complete.
  3. ^ Jeglinski, Jana W.E.; Wolf, Jochen; Werner, Christiane; Costa, Daniel P.; Trillmich, Fritz (December 2015). "Differences in Foraging Ecology align with Genetically Divergent Ecotypes of a Highly mobile marine top Predator" (PDF). Oceologica. 179: 1041–1052 – via Academic Search Complete.
  4. ^ a b Campagna, Claudio; Le Boeuf, Burney J. "Thermoregulatory Behavior of Southern Sea Lions And its Effects on Mating Strategies" (PDF). Semantic Scholar.
  5. ^ Alava, Juan Jose; Salazar, Sandie; Cruz, Marilyn; Jimenez-Uzcategui, Gustavo; Villegas-Amtmann, Stella; Paez-Rosas, Diego; Costa, Daniel P.; Ross, Peter S.; Ikonomou, Michael G. (18 February 2011). "DDT Strikes Back: Galapagos Sea Lions Facing Increasing Health Risks". Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences: 1–3 – via AMBIO.