User:Seofa/sandbox

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Giaia[edit]

Earth
"The Blue Marble" photograph of Earth, taken by the Apollo 17 mission. The Arabian peninsula, Africa and Madagascar lie in the upper half of the disc, whereas Antarctica is at the bottom.
The Blue Marble, the first full-view photograph of the planet, was taken by Apollo 17 astronauts en route to the Moon in 1972
Designations
Terra, Tellus, Gaia, Gaea, the World, the Globe
AdjectivesEarthly, terrestrial, terran, tellurian
SymbolAstronomical symbol of Earth
Orbital characteristics
Epoch J2000[n 1]
Aphelion152100000 km[n 2]
(94500000 mi)
Perihelion147095000 km[n 2]
(91401000 mi)
149598023 km[1]
(92955902 mi)
Eccentricity0.0167086[1]
365.256363004 d[2]
(31558149.7635 s)
29.78 km/s[3]
(107200 km/h; 66600 mph)
358.617°
Inclination
−11.26064°[3] to J2000 ecliptic
2021-Jan-02 13:59[5]
114.20783°[3]
Satellites
Physical characteristics
Mean radius
6371.0 km (3958.8 mi)[7]
Equatorial radius
6378.1 km (3963.2 mi)[8][9]
Polar radius
6356.8 km (3949.9 mi)[10]
Flattening0.0033528[11]
1/298.257222101 (ETRS89)
Circumference
  • 510072000 km2 (196940000 sq mi)[13][14][n 5]
  • 148940000 km2 land (57510000 sq mi; 29.2%)
  • 361132000 km2 water (139434000 sq mi; 70.8%)
Volume1.08321×1012 km3 (2.59876×1011 cu mi)[3]
Mass5.97237×1024 kg (1.31668×1025 lb)[15]
(3.0×10−6 M☉)
Mean density
5.514 g/cm3 (0.1992 lb/cu in)[3]
9.80665 m/s2 (1 g; 32.1740 ft/s2)[16]
0.3307[17]
11.186 km/s[3]
(40270 km/h; 25020 mph)
0.99726968 d[18]
(23h 56m 4.100s)
Equatorial rotation velocity
0.4651 km/s[19]
(1674.4 km/h; 1040.4 mph)
23.4392811°[2]
Albedo
Surface temp. min mean max
Kelvin 184 K[20] 287.16 K[21] (years 1961–1990) 330 K[22]
Celsius −89.2 °C 14.0 °C (years 1961–1990) 56.7 °C
Fahrenheit −128.5 °F 57.2 °F (years 1961–1990) 134.0 °F
Atmosphere
Surface pressure
101.325 kPa (at MSL)
Composition by volume
  • 78.08% nitrogen (N2; dry air)[3]
  • 20.95% oxygen (O2)
  • ~ 1% water vapor (climate variable)
  • 0.9340% argon
  • 0.0408% carbon dioxide[23]
  • 0.00182% neon[3]
  • 0.00052% helium
  • 0.00017% methane
  • 0.00011% krypton
  • 0.00006% hydrogen


Cite error: There are <ref group=n> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=n}} template (see the help page).

  1. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference VSOP87 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference IERS was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Cite error: The named reference earth_fact_sheet was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference Allen294 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ JPL Horizons for Earth (mb=399) and Observer Location: @Sun
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference ucs was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference hbcp2000 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference usno was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ a b World Geodetic System (WGS-84). Available online from National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency.
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference cazenave_ahrens1995 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference IERS2004 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference WGS-84-2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ Cite error: The named reference Pidwirny 2006_8 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  14. ^ Cite error: The named reference cia was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  15. ^ Cite error: The named reference Luzum2011 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  16. ^ Cite error: The named reference NIST2008 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  17. ^ Cite error: The named reference Williams1994 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  18. ^ Cite error: The named reference Allen296 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  19. ^ Cite error: The named reference Cox2000 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  20. ^ Cite error: The named reference asu_lowest_temp was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  21. ^ Cite error: The named reference kinver20091210 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  22. ^ Cite error: The named reference asu_highest_temp was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  23. ^ "Trends in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide: Recent Global CO2 Trend". Earth System Research Laboratory. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 26 July 2018. Archived from the original on 26 July 2018. {{cite web}}: templatestyles stripmarker in |title= at position 53 (help)
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