User:Mr. Ibrahem/Physostigmine
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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Antilirium, Isopto Eserine, others |
| Other names | Eserine |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
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| Routes of administration | intravenous, intramuscular, ophthalmic |
| Drug class | Cholinesterase inhibitor[1] |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Metabolism | Major metabolite: Eseroline |
| Identifiers | |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C15H21N3O2 |
| Molar mass | 275.352 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
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| (verify) | |
Physostigmine, sold under the brand name Antilirium among others, is a medication used to reverse anticholinergic effects and to treat hereditary ataxia including Friedreich ataxia.[1] It is generally given by injection into a vein or muscle.[1]
Common side effects include nausea, stomach pain, small pupils, sweating, and shortness of breath.[1] Other side effects may include seizures, bronchospasm, cholinergic crisis, and asystole.[1] Safety in pregnancy is unclear.[2] It is a cholinesterase inhibitor.[1]
Physostigmine was originally isolated from the Calabar bean.[3] Its medical uses were discussed in the thesis of Thomas Richard Fraser at the University of Edinburgh in 1862.[3] It was first manufactured in 1935 by Percy Lavon Julian.[4] In the United States 2 mg costs about 80 USD as of 2021.[5]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Physostigmine Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
- ^ "Physostigmine (Antilirium) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 3 December 2020. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
- ^ a b Doyle D (January 2009). "Sir Thomas Richard Fraser (1841–1920)" (PDF). JR Coll Physicians Edinb. 39: 283. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-01-25. Retrieved 2021-10-08.
- ^ Sundberg, Richard J. (31 March 2017). The Chemical Century: Molecular Manipulation and Its Impact on the 20th Century. CRC Press. p. 331. ISBN 978-1-77188-367-2. Archived from the original on 28 October 2021. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
- ^ "Physostigmine Prices, Coupons & Patient Assistance Programs". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 24 January 2021. Retrieved 28 October 2021.