User:Mr. Ibrahem/Macrogol
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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | MiraLax, ClearLax, Golytely, others |
| Other names | Polyethylene glycol (PEG), PEG 3350, PEG 4000, PEG 6000 |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Professional Drug Facts |
| MedlinePlus | a603032 |
| License data | |
| Pregnancy category |
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| Routes of administration | By mouth |
| Drug class | Osmotic laxative |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | None |
| Excretion | Faeces (100%) |
| Identifiers | |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | H–(OCH2CH2)n–OH |
| Molar mass | Varies |
  (what is this?) (verify) | |
Macrogol, also known as polyethylene glycol (PEG), is used as a medication to treat constipation in children and adults.[2] It is also used to empty the bowels before a colonoscopy.[2] It is taken by mouth.[2] Benefits usually occur within three days.[3] Generally it is only recommended for up to two weeks.[4]
Side effects may include increased bowel gas, abdominal pain, and nausea.[2] Rare but serious side effects may include an abnormal heartbeat, seizures, and kidney problems.[5] Use appears to be safe during pregnancy.[6][2] It is classified as an osmotic laxative.[3] It works by increasing the amount of water in the stool.[4]
Macrogol came into use as a bowel prep in 1980 and was approved for medical use in the United States in 1999.[7][8][9] It is available as a generic medication and over the counter.[2][10] In the United Kingdom it costs the NHS about £0.14 per dose as of 2019.[2] In the United States the wholesale cost of this amount is about US$1.40.[11] In 2017, it was the 162nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than three million prescriptions.[12][13] Typically it is formulated together with electrolytes.[14]
References[edit]
- ^ "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Archived from the original on 10 April 2021. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. pp. 57–58. ISBN 9780857113382.
- ^ a b "DailyMed - polyethylene glycol 3350 powder, for solution". dailymed.nlm.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 26 April 2021. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
- ^ a b "Polyethylene Glycol 3350: MedlinePlus Drug Information". medlineplus.gov. Archived from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
- ^ "PEG-3350 and Electrolytes for Oral Solution" (PDF). FDA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 August 2017. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
- ^ "Polyethylene glycol 3350 Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
- ^ Townsend, Courtney M.; Beauchamp, R. Daniel; Evers, B. Mark; Mattox, Kenneth L. (2016). Sabiston Textbook of Surgery E-Book: The Biological Basis of Modern Surgical Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 1325. ISBN 9780323401630. Archived from the original on 2021-04-30. Retrieved 2020-05-22.
- ^ "Prescription Polyethylene Glycol 3350; Denial of a Hearing and Order Withdrawing Approval of Abbreviated New Drug Applications". Federal Register. 2 April 2018. Archived from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
- ^ Ginsberg, Gregory G.; Kochman, Michael L.; Norton, Ian D.; Gostout, Christopher J. (2011). Clinical Gastrointestinal Endoscopy E-Book: Expert Consult - Online and Print. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 87. ISBN 9781437735703. Archived from the original on 2021-04-30. Retrieved 2020-05-22.
- ^ "Polyethylene glycol 3350 Uses, Side Effects & Warnings". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
- ^ "NADAC as of 2019-02-27". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Archived from the original on 2019-03-06. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
- ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
- ^ "Polyethylene Glycol 3350 - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
- ^ Aronson, Jeffrey K. (2015). Meyler's Side Effects of Drugs: The International Encyclopedia of Adverse Drug Reactions and Interactions. Elsevier. p. 567. ISBN 9780444537164. Archived from the original on 2021-04-30. Retrieved 2020-05-22.