User:Mr. Ibrahem/Labyrinthitis
| Labyrinthitis | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Otitis interna, vestibular neuronitis, vestibular neuritis, acute labyrinthitis[1] |
 | |
| Diagram of the inner ear | |
| Specialty | Otorhinolaryngology |
| Symptoms | Vertigo, vomiting, ringing in the ears[2] |
| Usual onset | Sudden[2] |
| Duration | Few weeks[3] |
| Risk factors | Viral infection[2] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on symptom[3] |
| Differential diagnosis | Benign positional vertigo, Meniere's, stroke, head injury, cholesteatoma, tumor, multiple sclerosis[1][3] |
| Treatment | Vestibular rehabilitation[2] |
| Medication | Dimenhydrinate, methylprednisolone[3] |
| Prognosis | Usually good[3] |
| Frequency | 35 cases per million per year[3] |
Labyrinthitis, also known as vestibular neuritis, is a type of dysfunction of the inner ear.[1] Symptoms may include feeling like the world is spinning, vomiting, and ringing in the ears.[2] The feeling of world spinning is usually constant; while the presence of hearing loss is variable.[3][1] Onset is generally sudden.[2] While symptoms may improve after a few days; they may require six weeks or longer to resolve fully.[2]
The cause is believed to be due to a viral infection, such as that associated with the common cold.[2] While labyrinthitis involves inflammation of the labyrinth of the inner ear and vestibular neuritis the vestibular nerve in the inner ear; both result in similar symptoms and the terms are generally used interchangeably.[2][1] Diagnosis is based on symptoms.[3] It is a type of peripheral vestibular disorder (balance disorder).[4]
Treatment may involve the use of antihistamines, such as dimenhydrinate, for a few days.[2][3] Steroids, such as methylprednisolone, may improve recovery.[3] If balance problems become persistent, vestibular rehabilitation may be useful.[2] Antiviral medication have not bee found to be useful.[3] While most people recover fully, some older people may have ongoing dizziness that lasts months.[1] Recurrent episodes are uncommon.[3]
About 3 to 4 per 100,000 people are affected per year.[3] It may occur at any age; though those 30 to 60 years old are most common affected.[1][3] The condition was first described in the medical literature in 1909 by Ruttin.[3]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2016: 5 Books in 1. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2015. p. 735. ISBN 9780323378222. Archived from the original on 2022-04-30. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Labyrinthitis and vestibular neuritis". nhs.uk. 23 October 2017. Archived from the original on 15 April 2022. Retrieved 27 April 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Greco, A; Macri, GF; Gallo, A; Fusconi, M; De Virgilio, A; Pagliuca, G; Marinelli, C; de Vincentiis, M (2014). "Is vestibular neuritis an immune related vestibular neuropathy inducing vertigo?". Journal of Immunology Research. 2014: 459048. doi:10.1155/2014/459048. PMC 3987789. PMID 24741601.
- ^ Hogue, JD (June 2015). "Office Evaluation of Dizziness". Primary Care. 42 (2): 249–258. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2015.01.004. PMID 25979586.