User:Mr. Ibrahem/Benzoyl peroxide
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 Skeletal formula (top) Ball-and-stick model (bottom) | |
| Clinical data | |
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| Trade names | Benzac, Clearasil, PanOxyl, others |
| Other names | benzoperoxide, dibenzoyl peroxide (DBPO) |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Professional Drug Facts |
| MedlinePlus | a601026 |
| License data | |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |
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| Identifiers | |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C14H10O4 |
| Molar mass | 242.230 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Density | 1.334 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 103 to 105 °C (217 to 221 °F) decomposes |
| Solubility in water | poor mg/mL (20 °C) |
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Benzoyl peroxide (BPO or (BzO)2) is a medication and industrial chemical.[3] As a medication, it is used to treat mild to moderate acne.[4] For more severe cases, it may be used with other treatments.[4] Some versions are sold mixed with antibiotics such as clindamycin.[5] Other uses include bleaching flour, hair bleaching, teeth whitening, and textile bleaching.[6][7][8] It is also used in the plastic industry.[3]
Common side effects are skin irritation, dryness, or peeling.[4][9] Use in pregnancy is of unclear safety.[10] Benzoyl peroxide is in the peroxide family of chemicals.[7] When used for acne, it works by killing bacteria.[6]
Benzoyl peroxide was first made in 1905 and came into medical use in the 1930s.[6] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[11] Benzoyl peroxide is available as a generic medication and over the counter.[9] In the United Kingdom, 150 ml of a 10% solution cost the NHS about £4.[5] In the United States and Canada, a month of treatment costs less than US$25.[9][12]
References[edit]
- ^ IUPAC Chemical Nomenclature and Structure Representation Division (2013). "P-65.7.5". In Favre, Henri A.; Powell, Warren H. (eds.). Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013. IUPAC–RSC. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4.
- ^ "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Archived from the original on 5 December 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
- ^ a b Stellman, Jeanne Mager (1998). Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health and Safety: Guides, indexes, directory. International Labour Organization. p. 104. ISBN 9789221098171. Archived from the original on 2017-09-18.
- ^ a b c World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. pp. 307–308. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.
- ^ a b British national formulary : BNF 69 (69 ed.). British Medical Association. 2015. p. 820. ISBN 9780857111562.
- ^ a b c Plewig, G.; Kligman, A. M. (2012). ACNE and ROSACEA (3 ed.). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 613. ISBN 9783642597152. Archived from the original on 2017-09-18.
- ^ a b Pommerville, Glendale Community College Jeffrey C.; Pommerville, Jeffrey (2012). Alcamo's Fundamentals of Microbiology: Body Systems. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. p. 214. ISBN 9781449605957. Archived from the original on 2017-09-18.
- ^ Braun-Falco, Otto; Plewig, Gerd; Wolff, Helmut Heinrich; Burgdorf, Walter (2012). Dermatology (2 ed.). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 1039. ISBN 9783642979316. Archived from the original on 2017-09-18.
- ^ a b c Hamilton, Richart (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 173. ISBN 9781284057560.
- ^ "Benzoyl Peroxide topical Use During Pregnancy | Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 16 January 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
- ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ Ton, Joey (19 April 2021). "#288 Clearing up the Evidence for Topical Acne Combination Products". CFPCLearn. Archived from the original on 28 March 2023. Retrieved 15 June 2023.