User:Mr. Ibrahem/Aprepitant

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"Emend" redirects here. For "Emend for Injection", see Fosaprepitant.
Mr. Ibrahem/Aprepitant
Structural formula of aprepitant
Ball-and-stick model of the aprepitant molecule
Clinical data
Trade namesEmend
Other namesAdminister fosaprepitant dimeglumine
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa604003
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B1
Routes of
administration		By mouth (capsules), intravenous
Drug classNeurokinin-1 receptor antagonist[1]
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
  • UK: POM (Prescription only)
  • US: ℞-only
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability60–65%
Protein binding>95%
MetabolismLiver (mostly CYP3A4- mediated; some contributions by CYP2C19 & CYP1A2)
Elimination half-life9–13 hours
ExcretionUrine (5%), faeces (86%)
Identifiers
  • 5-([(2R,3S)-2-((R)-1-[3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethoxy)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)morpholino]methyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3(2H)-one
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC23H21F7N4O3
Molar mass534.435 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • FC(F)(F)c1cc(cc(c1)C(F)(F)F)[C@H](O[C@H]4OCCN(CC/2=N/C(=O)NN\2)[C@H]4c3ccc(F)cc3)C
  • InChI=1S/C23H21F7N4O3/c1-12(14-8-15(22(25,26)27)10-16(9-14)23(28,29)30)37-20-19(13-2-4-17(24)5-3-13)34(6-7-36-20)11-18-31-21(35)33-32-18/h2-5,8-10,12,19-20H,6-7,11H2,1H3,(H2,31,32,33,35)/t12-,19+,20-/m1/s1 checkY
  • Key:ATALOFNDEOCMKK-OITMNORJSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Aprepitant, sold under the brand name Emend among others, is a medication used to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting.[1] It may be used together with ondansetron and dexamethasone.[1] It is taken by mouth.[1]

Common side effects include tiredness, loss of appetite, diarrhea, abdominal pain, hiccups, itchiness, pneumonia, and blood pressure changes.[1] Other severe side effects may include anaphylaxis.[1] While use in pregnancy does not appear to be harmful, such use has not been well studied.[3] Aprepitant belongs to the class of neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists medications.[1] It works by blocking substance P from attaching to the NK1 receptors.[4]

Aprepitant was approved for medical use in Europe and the United States in 2003.[1][4] It is made by Merck & Co.[1] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[5] In the United States it about US$230 per dose.[6] This amount in the United Kingdom cost the NHS about £16.[7] A form that can be given by injection into a vein, known as fosaprepitant is also available.[1]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Aprepitant/Fosaprepitant Dimeglumine Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Retrieved 13 October 2019.
  2. ^ "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
  3. ^ "Aprepitant Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Retrieved 13 October 2019.
  4. ^ a b "Emend". European Medicines Agency. 17 September 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2019.
  5. ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  6. ^ "Emend Prices, Coupons & Patient Assistance Programs". Drugs.com. Retrieved 13 October 2019.
  7. ^ "Aprepitant | Medicinal forms | BNFc content published by NICE". webcache.googleusercontent.com. NICE. Retrieved 13 October 2019.
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