User:Mattopaedia/koilo
A Koilocyte is a squamous epithelial cell that has undergone a number of structural changes, which occur as a result of infection of the cell by human papillomavirus. Collectively, these types of changes are called a cytopathic effect, and various different types of cytopathic effect can be seen in many different cell types infected by many different types of virus[1][2] .
Koilocytosis or koilocytic atypia are terms used in histology and cytology to describe the presence of koilocytes in a specimen[3].
Koilocytes may have the following cellular changes:
- Nuclear enlargement (two to three times normal size)
- Irregularity of the nuclear membrane contour
- A darker than normal staining pattern in the nucleus, known as Hyperchromasia
- A clear area around the nucleus, known as a perinuclear halo.
Microscopic examination of a biopsy specimen usually reveals an abnormal lesion composed of intermediate and superficial squamous cells of the outer cervical epithelium. Mild koilocytosis is characteristic of ASC-US (atypical squamous cells - undetermined significance). A more undifferentiated koilocyte, possessing a more hyperchromatic and enlarged nucleus, and a higher degree of cytoplasmic clearing with a discernible peripheral rim favor an interpretation of LSIL (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion). [3][1]
Koilocytes may be found in potentially precancerous cervical, oral and anal lesions[2].
Interpretation[edit]
These changes occur in the presence of human papillomavirus and occasionally can lead to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and eventually malignant cancer.
References[edit]
- ^ a b DeMay, Richard M. (2007). Practical Principles of Cytopathology Revised. American Society for Clinical Pathology. ISBN 978-0-89189-549-7.
- ^ a b Krawczyk E, Suprynowicz FA, Liu X; et al. (September 2008). "Koilocytosis: a cooperative interaction between the human papillomavirus E5 and E6 oncoproteins". Am. J. Pathol. 173 (3): 682–8. doi:10.2353/ajpath.2008.080280. PMC 2527066. PMID 18688031.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b Nucci MR, Oliva E., ed. (2009). Gynecologic pathology: A volume in the series - Foundations in diagnostic Pathology. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 978-0-443-06920-8.
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