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Jesuit priests at the time of their solemn and final profession in the Society of Jesus promise to "never strive or ambition, not even indirectly, to be chosen or promoted to any prelacy or dignity in or outside the Society; and I will do my best never to consent to my election unless I am forced to do so by obedience to him who can order me under penalty of sin." (Constitutions S.J., Part X, N°6 [817])
Yet because of various reasons and in different circumstances—for example, need of a bishop in an area where the Church has still to be developed, recognition of a theologian's outstanding contribution to theological reflection, etc.—several Jesuits have been made bishops or even cardinals. In such cases they remain only nominally Jesuit, as they lose active and passive voice within the Order and are no longer under the obedience of the Superior General.[1] In 2013 the first Jesuit pope was elected, Pope Francis.
The following is a complete list of contemporary living Jesuit cardinals.[2] Three of them are above 80 years of age and thus are ineligible as a papal elector. Another four are not yet above the age of 80 and thus are currently eligible to serve as papal electors. The last Jesuit Cardinal to die was Ján Chryzostom Korec, who died on October 24, 2015.
First Jesuit Pope[edit]
| Unique case | Date of Birth Current Age |
Elevated to Cardinal | Order |
|---|---|---|---|
Jorge Mario Bergoglio, S. J. Archbishop of Buenos Aires
|
December 17, 1936 87 years, 143 days |
February 21, 2001 | Cardinal priest |
| Note: Created cardinal by Pope St. John Paul II and having served under Pope Benedict XVI, Cardinal Bergoglio succeeded the latter to the papacy on March 13, 2013, choosing the name Francis. | |||
Current Jesuit Cardinals[edit]
 Current Jesuit Cardinals
|
Date of Birth Current Age |
Elevated to Cardinal | Order |
|---|---|---|---|
Pedro Cardinal Barreto, S. J. Archbishop of Huancayo
|
February 12, 1944 80 years, 86 days |
June 28, 2018 Pope Francis |
Cardinal-Priest |
Michael F. Cardinal Czerny, S. J. Under-Secretary of the Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development
|
July 18, 1946 77 years, 295 days |
October 9, 2019 Pope Francis |
Cardinal-Priest |
Julius Riyadi Cardinal Darmaatmadja, S. J. Archbishop Emeritus of Jakarta
|
December 20, 1934 89 years, 140 days |
November 26, 1994 Pope John Paul II |
Cardinal-Priest |
Luis Cardinal Ladaria Ferrer, S. J. Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
|
April 19, 1944 80 years, 19 days |
June 28, 2018 Pope Francis |
Cardinal-Deacon |
Jean-Claude Cardinal Hollerich, S. J. Archbishop of Luxembourg
|
August 9, 1958 65 years, 273 days |
October 9, 2019 Pope Francis |
Cardinal-Priest |
Sigitas Cardinal Tamkevičius, S. J. Archbishop Emeritus of Kaunas
|
November 7, 1938 85 years, 183 days |
October 9, 2019 Pope Francis |
Cardinal-Priest |
Albert Cardinal Vanhoye, S. J. priest
|
July 23, 1923 100 years, 290 days |
March 24, 2006 Pope Benedict XVI |
Cardinal-Deacon |
- Cardinals ineligible to participate in a papal conclave
Past Jesuit Cardinals[edit]
| Past Jesuit Cardinals | Elevated to Cardinal | Pope |
|---|---|---|
| Francisco Toledo, S. J. (1532-1596) | 1593 | |
| St. Robert Bellarmine (1542-1621) | 1599 | |
| Peter Pazmany (1570-1637) | 1629 | |
| Jan Olbracht (1612-1634) ^ | 1632 | |
| Juan de Lugo (1583-1660) | 1643 | |
| Pietro Sforza Pallavicino (1607-1667) | 1657 | |
| Johann E. Nidhard (1607-1681) ^ | 1672 | |
| Giovanni B. Tolomei (1653-1726) | 1712 | |
| Giambattista Salerno (1671-1729) | 1719 | |
| Alvaro Cienfuegas (1657-1739) | 1720 | |
| Niccolo Oddi (1715-1767) | 1766 | |
| Carlo Odescalchi (1786-1841) | 1823 | |
| Angelo Mai (1782-1854) | 1838 | |
| Camillo Tarquini (1810-1874) | 1873 | |
| Johann B. Franzelin (1816-1886) | 1876 | |
| Giuseppe Pecci (1807-1890) | 1879 | |
| Paulus Melchers (1813-1895) | 1885 | |
| Camillo Mazzella (1833-1900) * | 1886 | |
| Andrea Steinhuber (1825-1907) | 1894 | |
| Louis Billot (1846-1931) | 1911 | |
| Franz Ehrle (1841-1934) | 1922 | |
| Pietro Boetto (1871-1946) | 1935 | |
| Augustin Bea (1881-1968) | 1959 | |
| Jean Danielou (1906-1974) | 1969 | |
| Pablo Munoz Vega (1903-1994) | 1969 | |
| Lawrence Trevor Picachy(1916-1992) | 1976 | |
| Victor Razafimahatratra (1921-1993) | 1976 | |
| Henri de Lubac (1896-1991) | 1983 | |
| Paolo Dezza (1901-1999) | 1991 | |
| Alois Grillmeier (1910-1998) | 1994 | |
| Augusto Vargas Alzamora (1922-2000) | 1994 | |
| Adam Kozlowiecki (1911-2007) | 1998 | |
| Carlo Maria Martini, S. J. (1927-2010) | February 2 1983 | Pope John Paul II |
| Ján Chryzostom Korec, S. J. (1924-2015) | June 28 1991 | Pope John Paul II |
| Paul Shan Kuo-hsi, S. J. (1923-212) | February 21 1998 | Pope John Paul II |
| Avery Robert Dulles, S. J. (1918-2008) * | February 21 2001 | Pope John Paul II |
| Roberto Tucci, S. J. (1921-2015) | February 21 2001 | Pope John Paul II |
| Tomáš Špidlík, S. J. (1919-2010) | October 21 2003 | Pope John Paul II |
| Urbano Navarrete Cortés, S. J. (1920-2010) | November 24 2007 | Pope Benedict XVI |
| Karl Josef Becker, S. J. (1928-2015) | February 18, 2012 | Pope Benedict XVI |