Sphenopsis

Sphenopsis
	Black-eared hemispingus (Sphenopsis melanotis)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Thraupidae
Genus:	Sphenopsis; Sclater, 1862
Type species
	Sphenopsis ignobilis; Sclater, PL, 1862
Species
	See text

Sphenopsis is a genus of warbler-like birds in the tanager family Thraupidae. They are found in highland forest of South America.

Taxonomy and species list[edit]

The four species now placed in this genus were formerly assigned to the genus Hemispingus. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that Hemispingus was polyphyletic and as part of the subsequent rearrangement, the genus Sphenopsis was resurrected for these four species.^[1]^[2]^[3] The genus had been introduced in 1862 by the English zoologist Philip Sclater with the type species as Sphenopsis ignobilis, a taxon that is now treated as a subspecies of the oleaginous hemispingus.^[3]^[4] The name Sphenopsis combines the Ancient Greek sphēn meaning "wedge" with opsis meaning "appearance".^[5]

The four species in the genus are:^[3]

Common Name	Scientific name	Distribution
Oleaginous hemispingus	Sphenopsis frontalis	Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.
Black-eared hemispingus	Sphenopsis melanotis	Venezuela, through to western Bolivia
Piura hemispingus	Sphenopsis piurae	Ecuador and Peru.
Western hemispingus	Sphenopsis ochracea	Ecuador and Colombia.

References[edit]

^ Burns, K.J.; Shultz, A.J.; Title, P.O.; Mason, N.A.; Barker, F.K.; Klicka, J.; Lanyon, S.M.; Lovette, I.J. (2014). "Phylogenetics and diversification of tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae), the largest radiation of Neotropical songbirds". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 75: 41–77. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.02.006. PMID 24583021.
^ Burns, K.J.; Unitt, P.; Mason, N.A. (2016). "A genus-level classification of the family Thraupidae (Class Aves: Order Passeriformes)". Zootaxa. 4088 (3): 329–354. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4088.3.2. PMID 27394344.
^ ^a ^b ^c Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2020). "Tanagers and allies". IOC World Bird List Version 10.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
^ Sclater, Philip Lutley (1861). "Descriptions of twelve new species of American birds, of the families Dendrocolaptidae, Formicariidae, and Tyrannidae". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 377–383 [379]. Although the title page is dated 1861, the article was not published until 1862.
^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 361. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.

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[1] Burns, K.J.; Shultz, A.J.; Title, P.O.; Mason, N.A.; Barker, F.K.; Klicka, J.; Lanyon, S.M.; Lovette, I.J. (2014). "Phylogenetics and diversification of tanagers (Passeriformes: Thraupidae), the largest radiation of Neotropical songbirds". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 75: 41–77. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.02.006. PMID 24583021.

[2] Burns, K.J.; Unitt, P.; Mason, N.A. (2016). "A genus-level classification of the family Thraupidae (Class Aves: Order Passeriformes)". Zootaxa. 4088 (3): 329–354. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4088.3.2. PMID 27394344.

[ioc-3] Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2020). "Tanagers and allies". IOC World Bird List Version 10.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 9 November 2020.

[4] Sclater, Philip Lutley (1861). "Descriptions of twelve new species of American birds, of the families Dendrocolaptidae, Formicariidae, and Tyrannidae". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 377–383 [379]. Although the title page is dated 1861, the article was not published until 1862.

[5] Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 361. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.

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