Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem
Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem
Sant-Nikolaz-ar-Pelem | |
|---|---|
 Place Kreisker in Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem | |
 Coat of arms | |
Location of Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem  | |
  Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem  Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem | |
| Coordinates: 48°18′50″N 3°09′47″W / 48.3139°N 3.1631°W | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Brittany |
| Department | Côtes-d'Armor |
| Arrondissement | Guingamp |
| Canton | Rostrenen |
| Intercommunality | Kreiz-Breizh |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | Daniel Le Caër[1] |
| Area 1 | 41.04 km2 (15.85 sq mi) |
| Population (2021)[2] | 1,548 |
| • Density | 38/km2 (98/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 22321 /22480 |
| Elevation | 139–291 m (456–955 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ nikɔla dy pelɛm]; Breton: Sant-Nikolaz-ar-Pelem) is a commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department of Brittany in northwestern France.
Population[edit]
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1968 | 2,102 | — |
| 1975 | 2,106 | +0.03% |
| 1982 | 2,023 | −0.57% |
| 1990 | 1,922 | −0.64% |
| 1999 | 1,843 | −0.47% |
| 2009 | 1,760 | −0.46% |
| 2014 | 1,688 | −0.83% |
| 2020 | 1,555 | −1.36% |
| Source: INSEE[3] | ||
Inhabitants of Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem are called pélemois in French.
History[edit]
Prehistory[edit]
The cairn of Croaz Dom Herry, discovered in 2005, dates to the middle of the Neolithic, but has largely been quarried for its stones, particularly during the late Middle Ages; it has 4 circular funeral chambers, each about 3 meters in diameter, at the end of a long corridor.[4]
Roman period[edit]
The town that later became Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem was built 500 meters from the Roman road linking Vorgium (capital of the Osismii) with Corseul and Aleth (capital of the Coriosolites).
A large plateau surrounded by an artificial moat near Pélinec pond is sometimes considered to be the remains of a pre-Roman fortification of the Gauls,[5] or of a Roman camp, and sometimes as the remains of a medieval camp (Frotier de la Messelière reports having seen foundations for a circular stone tower).
Second World War[edit]
A monument to the deceased of Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem lists 32 individuals who perished during World War II.[6]
Le maquis Tito[edit]
During the German occupation, the a group of maquis of the FTP operating in the Côtes-du-Nord, was organized during the spring of 1943 in the rectangular area of Trémargat, Lanrivain, Peumerit-Quintin, and Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem, led by Louis Pichouron, whose nom de guerre was "Commandant Alain".[7] In January 1944 they took the name of the "Tito Company", after Josip Broz Tito, leader of the communist resistance movement in Yugoslavia, with a team in Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem led by Théodore Le Nénan.
On November 11, 1943, Théodore Le Nénan killed a member of the Feldgendarmerie in Plouaret; on December 23 Georges Ollitrault attacked a German officer at Loudéac. An attack on the town hall of Saint-Nicodème resulted in the arrest of many members of the group at Trébrivan, and four were shot on May 6, 1944, at Ploufragan.[8]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
- ^ "Populations légales 2021". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
- ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
- ^ Yves Menez and Stéphane Hingant, "Fouilles et découvertes en Bretagne", éditions Ouest-France, INRAP, 2010 [ISBN 978-2-7373-5074-0]. Also Jean-Yves Tinevez et al., "Le cairn de Croaz Dom Herry et ses carrières de schiste (Saint-Nicolas-du-Pélem - Côtes-d'Armor)", revue Gallia Préhistoire, 2012, volume 54-2, pages 191-238.
- ^ Guide des lieux insolites et secrets de Bretagne, par Alain Dag’Naud, éditions Gisserot
- ^ Memorialgenweb.org - Saint-Nicolas-du- Pélem : monument aux morts 1939-1945.
- ^ Louis Pichouron, born on March 27, 1902, see Louis Pichouron,Mémoire d'un partisan breton Louis Pichouron Commandant Alain, Presses universitaires de Bretagne, 1970.
- ^ "LE BOZEC Arsène, Pierre, Marie".
External links[edit]
- Base Mérimée: Search for heritage in the commune, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
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