F21 (torpedo)
| F21 torpedo | |
|---|---|
| Type | Heavyweight torpedo |
| Place of origin | France |
| Service history | |
| In service | 2018-present |
| Used by | French Navy Brazilian Navy Indian Navy (planned) |
| Production history | |
| Manufacturer | Naval Group Thales Atlas Elektronik |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 1,550 kg (3,420 lb) |
| Length | 6.0 m (19.7 ft) |
| Diameter | 533 mm (21.0 in) |
| Effective firing range | >50 km (31 mi; 27 nmi) |
| Warhead weight | 200 kg (440 lb) |
Detonation mechanism | proximity fuze |
| Engine | Electric |
| Maximum depth | up to 600 m (2,000 ft) |
| Maximum speed | 50 kn (58 mph; 93 km/h) |
Guidance system | Wire-guided, acoustic homing |
Launch platform | submarine |
The F21 is a heavy-weight torpedo developed by DCNS for the French Navy to replace the F17 torpedo.
It is designed to neutralize enemy ships and submarines and capable of operating in deep waters and near coastal areas with high levels of noise and dense shipping.[1][2][3]
It is planned to gradually equip all French submarines, starting in 2018. The contract includes the development and delivery of about one hundred F21 torpedoes and their integration into French submarines. [2][4] Naval Group delivered a batch of six torpedoes to the French Navy in November 2019. It has also been selected for the Brazilian Navy with the first batch handed over in January 2020.
Characteristics[edit]
| Weight | 1.5 tonnes |
| Length | 19.6 feet (6.0 m) |
| Diameter | 21 inches (0.53 m) |
| Range | 31 nautical miles (57 km) |
| Propulsion | Electric, two contra-rotating propellers |
| Speed | 50 knots (93 km/h) |
| Operational depth | < 33 feet (10 m) and > 1,630 feet (500 m) [2] |
| Mid-course guidance | Wire-guided |
| Tracking | Acoustic homing[4][5] |
History[edit]
Concept[edit]
The F21 was to be a development version of the Italian Black Shark torpedo. In 2008 France signed a development contract for 93 heavy torpedoes for its nuclear submarines, to be delivered from 2015.[6] The original plan called for a derivative of the Black Shark to be built by a joint venture between DCNS, Thales and WASS,[7] but they fell out and DCNS will now be developing the F21 Artemis with Thales and Atlas Electronic.[6] The F21 shares similarities with the Black Shark, including an electric motor driven by an aluminum silver-oxide (AgO-Al) battery. and a contra-rotating propeller[8] It has a warhead of PBX B2211, range of 50 km (31 mi) and speed of 50 knots (93 km/h).[9] As of 2012[update] the project has a €485m budget with a unit cost of €2.3m (FY12), or €5.2m including development costs.[6]
Qualification[edit]
The F21 was first tested on DCNS's Pégase catamaran in February 2013 and a submarine launch was planned for 2014, with production deliveries scheduled to start in late 2015.[10] Qualification testing began in 2016, and were completed in June 2017 off the coast of Var.[4]
See also[edit]
- American 21 inch torpedo
- Baek Sang Eo (White Shark)
- Black Shark
- DM2A4
- Futlyar
- Mark 48 torpedo
- MU90 Impact
- Roketsan Akya
- Spearfish
- Tigerfish
- Torpedo 62
- Type 89 torpedo
- Type 65 torpedo
- Varunastra (torpedo)
- Yu-6 torpedo
References[edit]
- ^ "F21 Heavyweight Torpedo". naval-technology.com. Naval Technology. Retrieved March 2, 2023.
- ^ a b c [1], Source DCNS, , 2017-06-22
- ^ "F21 Heavyweight Torpedo".
- ^ a b c New torpedo planned for French navy passes qualification firing, Richard Tomkins, UPI, 2017-04-23
- ^ French submarines to get new torpedoes, Richard Tomkins, UPI, 2014-10-30
- ^ a b c "Projet de loi de finances pour 2013 : Défense : équipement des forces" (in French). Senate of France. 22 November 2012. Retrieved 2013-11-07.
- ^ "Black Shark torpedo derivative to arm French nuclear submarines". Frontier India News Network. 2008-04-12. Archived from the original on 2012-03-18. Retrieved 2011-05-29.
- ^ "F21 Heavyweight Torpedo - DCNS". 21 August 2014. Archived from the original on 21 August 2014. Retrieved 25 February 2018.
- ^ Mackenzie, Christina (2 February 2011). "France Adds New Torpedo To Submarine Arsenal". Aviation Week. Archived from the original on 2012-10-08.
- ^ Barreira, Victor (13 November 2013). "F21 torpedo set for French submarine firing in 2014". IHS Jane's Defence Weekly.