List of metropolitan areas in Europe
This article is missing information about smaller metropolitan areas defined by OECD and Eurostat.(April 2023) |
This list ranks metropolitan areas in Europe by their population according to three different sources; it includes metropolitan areas that have a population of over 1 million.
Sources[edit]
List includes metropolitan areas according only to the studies of ESPON, Eurostat, and OECD. For European countries not covered by the three institutions, City Population is used as the population count source for the purpose of assessing the inclusion criteria. For this reason some metropolitan areas, like the Italian Genoa Metropolitan Area (with a population of 1,510,781 as of 2010[1]) or the Ukrainian Kryvyi Rih metropolitan area (with a population of 1,170,953 as of 2019[2]), are not included in this list, with data by other statistic survey institutes.
Figures in the first column come from the OECD Territorial Reviews and correspond to "metropolitan regions". Figures in the second column come from City Population and correspond to "metropolitan areas". Figures in the third and fourth column come from Eurostat's Urban Audit and correspond to Larger Urban Zones (LUZ). Figures in the fifth column come from the ESPON project, "Study on Urban Functions", which defines cities according to the concept of a Functional Urban area (core urban area defined morphologically on the basis of population density, plus the surrounding labour pool defined on the basis of commuting).
Further information on how the areas are defined can be found in the source documents. These figures should be seen as an interpretation, not as conclusive fact.
Metropolitan areas[edit]
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Metropolitan area name | Country | OECD Metropolitan areas (2020)[3] |
City Population Urban Agglomeration (2024)[4] |
Eurostat Metropolitan region (2019)[5] |
Eurostat Metropolitan region (2018)[5] |
ESPON Functional Urban Area (2006)[6] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A Coruña metropolitan area | Spain | 423,375 | <1,000,000 | 1,122,006 | 1,121,417 | 376,000 |
Alicante-Elche | Spain | 475,402 | <1,000,000 | 1,862,780 | 1,845,470 | 645,000[a] |
Amsterdam metropolitan area | Netherlands | 2,890,428 | 2,525,000 | 3,269,905 | 3,242,852 | 2,497,000[b] |
Antwerp | Belgium | 1,146,565 | 1,240,000 | 1,053,033 | 1,047,030 | 1,406,000[c] |
Athens metropolitan area | Greece | 3,526,887 | 3,575,000 | 3,561,750 | 3,576,590 | 3,761,000 |
Baku[d] | Azerbaijan | 3,675,000 | ||||
Barcelona metropolitan area | Spain | 5,105,991 | 4,875,000 | 5,575,204 | 5,514,881 | 4,082,000[e] |
Metropolitan City of Bari | Italy | 726,049 | <1,000,000 | 1,234,997 | 1,257,520 | 584,000 |
Belgrade | Serbia | — | 1,430,000 | — | — | — |
Bergamo | Italy | 311,971 | 6,100,000[f] | 1,107,159 | 1,111,035 | 662,000[g] |
Bergen Region | Norway | — | <1,000,000 | 1,000,149 | 996,064 | 335,000 |
Berlin metropolitan area | Germany | 5,342,958 | 4,850,000 | 5,303,846 | 5,259,363 | 4,016,000 |
Bern | Switzerland | 503,213 | <1,000,000 | 1,034,977 | 1,031,126 | 376,000 |
Bilbao | Spain | 1,014,366 | <1,000,000 | 1,137,191 | 1,134,848 | 947,000 |
Bologna metropolitan area | Italy | 790,044 | <1,000,000 | 1,017,551 | 1,011,291 | 690,000 |
Bordeaux | France | 1,290,068 | 1,140,000 | 1,619,190 | 1,601,845 | 918,000 |
Brescia | Italy | 477,611 | <1,000,000 | 1,254,419 | 1,262,402 | 384,000 |
Greater Bristol | United Kingdom | 969,256 | <1,000,000 | 1,157,937 | 1,147,017 | 1,041,000 |
Brno | Czech Republic | 735,652 | <1,000,000 | 1,187,667 | 1,183,207 | 535,000 |
Brussels metropolitan area | Belgium | 2,500,251 | 2,750,000 | 2,548,941 | 2,528,996 | 2,639,000[c] |
Bucharest metropolitan area | Romania | 2,219,341 | 2,200,000 | 2,315,173 | 2,302,291 | 2,064,000 |
Budapest metropolitan area | Hungary | 3,012,001 | 2,500,000 | 3,031,160 | 3,011,598 | 2,523,000 |
Cádiz | Spain | 252,140 | <1,000,000 | 1,249,739 | 1,249,245 | 400,000 |
Metropolitan City of Catania | Italy | 634,134 | <1,000,000 | 1,077,270 | 1,109,888 | 707,000 |
Cardiff | United Kingdom | 928,101 | <1,000,000 | 1,140,165 | 1,135,795 | 1,097,000 |
Copenhagen metropolitan area | Denmark | 1,945,157 | 1,770,000 | 2,045,259 | 2,030,718 | 1,881,000[h] |
Donetsk | Ukraine | — | 1,410,000[i] | — | — | — |
Dnipro | Ukraine | — | 1,330,000[j] | — | — | — |
Dresden | Germany | 1,343,747 | <1,000,000 | 1,343,305 | 1,341,986 | 882,000 |
Dublin Metropolitan Area | Ireland | 2,110,459 | 1,530,000 | 2,107,749 | 2,069,386 | 1,477,000 |
Metropolitan City of Florence | Italy | 791,543 | <1,000,000 | 998,976 | 1,013,260 | 645,000[k] |
Frankfurt Rhine-Main | Germany | 2,729,936 | 3,300,000 | 2,710,127 | 2,693,115 | 2,764,000[l] |
Gdańsk (Tricity) | Poland | 1,170,990 | <1,000,000 | 1,328,350 | 1,317,517 | 993,000 |
Greater Glasgow | United Kingdom | 1,847,200 | 1,700,000 | 1,861,315 | 1,854,866 | 1,395,000 |
Gothenburg | Sweden | 1,051,345 | <1,000,000 | 1,709,814 | 1,690,782 | 759,000 |
Grenoble metropolitan area | France | 717,469[m] | <1,000,000 | 1,266,669 | 1,263,563 | 555,000 |
The Hague | Netherlands | 1,116,798 | 3,400,000[n] | 1,103,368 | 1,093,212 | 1,404,000[b] |
Hamburg Metropolitan Region | Germany | 3,328,679 | 2,925,000 | 3,327,940 | 3,309,215 | 2,983,000 |
Hannover | Germany | 1,316,006 | 1,150,000 | 1,315,405 | 1,310,558 | 997,000[o] |
Helsinki Metropolitan Area | Finland | 1,526,778 | 1,530,000 | 1,671,024 | 1,655,624 | 1,285,000 |
Istanbul[p] | Turkey | 13,719,061 | 15,900,000 | — | — | — |
Katowice metropolitan area | Poland | 2,486,510 | 2,225,000 | 2,695,148 | 2,705,106 | 3,029,000[q] |
Kazan metropolitan area | Russia | — | 1,590,000 | — | — | — |
Kharkiv | Ukraine | — | 1,600,000[j] | — | — | — |
Kyiv metropolitan area | Ukraine | — | 3,475,000[j] | — | — | — |
Kraków metropolitan area | Poland | 1,423,235 | <1,000,000 | 1,491,811 | 1,480,803 | 1,236,000 |
Leicester | United Kingdom | 910,918 | <1,000,000 | 1,443,399 | 1,432,212 | 745,000 |
Leipzig | Germany | 1,049,342 | <1,000,000 | 1,043,293 | 1,037,782 | 842,000 |
Lille | France | 1,505,093 | 1,320,000 | 2,603,999 | 2,606,234 | 1,161,000[r] |
Lisbon metropolitan area | Portugal | 3,035,487 | 2,500,000 | 2,846,332 | 2,833,679 | 2,591,000 |
Łódź metropolitan area | Poland | 903,719 | <1,000,000 | 1,070,544 | 1,074,374 | 1,165,000 |
London metropolitan area | United Kingdom | 12,451,423 | 14,900,000 | 14,372,596 | 14,257,962 | 11,203,000 |
Lyon | France | 2,129,101 | 2,025,000 | 1,871,364 | 1,859,524 | 1,669,000 |
Madrid metropolitan area | Spain | 7,005,286 | 6,650,000 | 6,641,649 | 6,549,520 | 5,263,000 |
Málaga-Marbella | Spain | 1,211,770[s] | 1,090,000 | 1,660,985 | 1,651,506 | 775,000[t] |
Malmö | Sweden | 690,334 | <1,000,000 | 1,362,164 | 1,344,689 | 667,000[h] |
Greater Manchester | United Kingdom | 3,399,018 | 3,150,000 | 3,712,997 | 3,695,071 | 2,556,000 |
Mannheim-Ludwigshafen | Germany | 1,191,766 | 1,590,000 | 1,189,073 | 1,184,343 | 1,136,000[u] |
Marseille | France | 1,278,124[v] | 1,700,000 | 3,112,990 | 3,102,054 | 1,530,000 |
Merseyside (Liverpool/Birkenhead) | United Kingdom | 1,548,752 | 1,890,000 | 1,784,475 | 1,777,603 | 2,241,000 |
Milan metropolitan area | Italy | 4,985,668 | 6,100,000[f] | 4,344,411 | 4,336,121 | 4,136,000[g] |
Minsk metropolitan area | Belarus | — | 2,100,000 | — | — | — |
Montpellier | France | 801,595[m] | <1,000,000 | 1,171,739 | 1,159,220 | 460,000 |
Moscow metropolitan area | Russia | — | 19,100,000 | — | — | — |
Murcia-Cartagena | Spain | 882,745[w] | <1,000,000 | 1,487,663 | 1,475,569 | 854,000[x] |
Munich | Germany | 2,926,802 | 2,300,000 | 2,908,664 | 2,883,373 | 2,665,000[y] |
Nantes | France | 1,003,395 | <1,000,000 | 1,427,913 | 1,412,502 | 708,000 |
Naples metropolitan area | Italy | 3,349,233 | 4,050,000[z] | 3,048,194 | 3,101,002 | 2,905,000[aa] |
Nice | France | 1,020,879 | <1,000,000 | 1,087,266 | 1,086,219 | 1,082,000 |
Nizhny Novgorod | Russia | — | 1,660,000 | — | — | — |
Nottingham-Derby | United Kingdom | 935,049[ab] | 1,380,000 | 590,043[ac] | 587,596[ad] | 1,534,000 |
Northwest Metropolitan Region (Bremen) | Germany | 1,274,429 | 1,000,000 | 1,277,609 | 1,274,611 | 1,077,000 |
Nuremberg Metropolitan Region | Germany | 1,352,002 | 1,210,000 | 1,349,848 | 1,340,886 | 1,443,000 |
Odesa | Ukraine | — | 1,100,000[j] | — | — | — |
Greater Oslo Region | Norway | 1,420,926 | 1,260,000 | 1,305,122 | 1,287,495 | 1,037,000 |
Ostrava metropolitan area | Czech Republic | 709,768 | <1,000,000 | 1,203,299 | 1,205,886 | 1,046,000[q] |
Oviedo-Gijón | Spain | 604,802[ae] | <1,000,000 | 1,022,205 | 1,027,624 | 706,000[af] |
Palermo metropolitan area | Italy | 995,821 | <1,000,000 | 1,231,602 | 1,260,193 | 861,000 |
Paris metropolitan area | France | 12,997,058 | 11,500,000 | 12,252,917 | 12,213,447 | 11,175,000 |
Perm | Russia | — | 1,090,000 | — | — | — |
Porto Metropolitan Area | Portugal | 1,785,248 | 1,550,000 | 1,722,374 | 1,719,702 | 1,245,000[ag] |
Portsmouth-Southampton | United Kingdom | 695,204[ah] | 1,150,000 | 1,482,547[ai] | 1,475,984[aj] | 1,547,000 |
Poznań metropolitan area | Poland | 993,656 | <1,000,000 | 1,194,454 | 1,186,164 | 919,000 |
Prague metropolitan area | Czech Republic | 2,267,817 | 1,470,000 | 2,677,964 | 2,647,308 | 1,669,000 |
Rennes Métropole | France | 755,668[m] | <1,000,000 | 1,077,412 | 1,069,228 | 517,000 |
Rhein-Nord[ak] (Düsseldorf - Neuss) | Germany | 1,557,269 | 5,000,000[al] | 2,171,821[am] | 2,167,875[an] | 3,073,000[ao][ap] |
Rhein-Süd[ak] (Cologne - Bonn) | Germany | 2,004,984 | 5,000,000[al] | 2,930,084[aq] | 2,919,070[ar] | 3,070,000[ap] |
Riga metropolitan area | Latvia | 927,924 | <1,000,000 | 1,003,203 | 1,005,237 | 1,195,000 |
Rome metropolitan area | Italy | 4,325,591 | 3,425,000 | 4,263,542 | 4,355,725 | 5,190,000 |
Rostov-on-Don | Russia | — | 1,410,000 | — | — | — |
Rotterdam | Netherlands | 1,876,165 | 3,400,000[n] | 1,846,933 | 1,835,354 | 1,904,000[b] |
Rouen | France | 705,627[m] | <1,000,000 | 1,254,436 | 1,255,883 | 599,000 |
Ruhr[ak] | Germany | 5,115,617 | 5,650,000 | 5,111,530 | 5,113,487 | 5,376,000[as][ap] |
Saarbrücken - Forbach | Germany/ France |
797,110 | <1,000,000 | 799,746 | 802,664 | 1,102,000 |
Saint Petersburg metropolitan area | Russia | — | 6,500,000 | — | — | — |
Samara | Russia | — | 1,370,000 | — | — | — |
Saratov | Russia | — | 1,210,000 | — | — | — |
Seville | Spain | 1,558,006 | 1,300,000 | 1,949,640 | 1,945,236 | 1,180,000[at] |
Stoke-on-Trent | United Kingdom | 484,659 | <1,000,000 | 1,130,317 | 1,126,654 | 456,000 |
Strasbourg | France | 853,110[m] | <1,000,000 | 1,138,467 | 1,133,552 | 661,000[au] |
Sofia | Bulgaria | 1,551,056 | 1,240,000 | 1,678,041 | 1,679,413 | 1,174,000 |
Metropolitan Stockholm | Sweden | 2,377,081 | 2,275,000 | 2,344,124 | 2,308,143 | 2,171,000 |
South Yorkshire (Sheffield-Doncaster) | United Kingdom | 1,204,485 | 1,540,000 | 1,404,971[av] | 1,397,266[aw] | 1,869,000 |
Stuttgart Metropolitan Region | Germany | 2,794,283 | 2,400,000 | 2,787,724 | 2,778,591 | 2,289,000 |
Tbilisi[d] | Georgia | 1,420,000 | ||||
Thessaloniki metropolitan area | Greece | 1,049,937 | <1,000,000 | 1,104,690 | 1,105,663 | 1,052,000 |
Toulouse | France | 1,445,789 | 1,130,000 | 1,395,382 | 1,380,672 | 832,000 |
Turin metropolitan area | Italy | 1,728,714 | 1,580,000 | 2,238,663 | 2,269,120 | 1,601,000[ax] |
Tyne and Wear (Newcastle-Sunderland) | United Kingdom | 1,192,598 | 1,470,000 | 1,177,704 | 1,172,580 | 1,599,000 |
Ufa | Russia | — | 1,230,000 | — | — | — |
Utrecht | Netherlands | 887,420 | <1,000,000 | 1,306,912 | 1,295,484 | 982,000[b] |
Valencia | Spain | 1,768,205 | 1,920,000 | 2,540,588 | 2,531,187 | 1,398,000[ay] |
Vienna | Austria | 3,004,660 | 2,350,000 | 2,853,903 | 2,838,558 | 2,584,000 |
Volgograd | Russia | — | 1,090,000 | — | — | — |
Krasnodar | Russia | — | 1,250,000 | — | — | — |
Voronezh | Russia | — | 1,170,000 | — | — | — |
Warsaw metropolitan area | Poland | 3,209,784 | 2,500,000 | 3,053,104 | 3,025,034 | 2,785,000 |
West Midlands conurbation (Birmingham) | United Kingdom | 3,122,915 | 3,250,000 | 2,558,916 | 2,545,475 | 3,683,000 |
West Yorkshire Built-up Area (Leeds - Bradford) | United Kingdom | 2,655,815 | 2,225,000 | 1,750,276 | 1,741,298 | 2,302,000 |
Yerevan[d] | Armenia | 1,520,000 | ||||
Zagreb metropolitan area | Croatia | 1,219,858 | <1,000,000 | 1,240,433 | 1,240,310 | — |
Zürich metropolitan area | Switzerland | 1,401,783 | 1,490,000 | 1,520,968 | 1,504,346 | 1,615,000 |
Polycentric metropolitan areas in the European Union[edit]
Rank | Area | State | Population[7] |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region | Germany | 12,190,000 |
2 | Randstad | Netherlands | 6,787,000 |
3 | Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan area | Poland/ Czech Republic | 5,294,000 |
4 | Flemish Diamond | Belgium | 5,103,000 |
5 | Vienna-Bratislava metropolitan region | Austria/ Slovakia | 4,600,000 |
See also[edit]
- List of European cities by population within city limits
- List of urban areas in Europe
- List of European city regions
- Lists of cities in Europe
- List of largest cities in the European Union by population within city limits
- List of urban areas in the European Union
- List of European Union cities proper by population density
- List of metropolitan areas by population for the world
- World's largest cities
Regional and country-specific lists[edit]
- Largest metropolitan areas in the Nordic countries
- List of metropolitan areas in Belgium
- List of metropolitan areas in France
- List of metropolitan areas in Germany
- List of metropolitan areas in Italy
- List of metropolitan areas in Poland
- List of metropolitan areas in Romania
- List of metropolitan areas in Spain
- List of metropolitan areas in Sweden
- List of metropolitan areas in the United Kingdom
Notes[edit]
- ^ Total population is 793,000 if the metropolitan area of Elda (148,000) is included.
- ^ a b c d Part of the Randstad polycentric urban region consisting of the metropolitan areas of Amsterdam (2,497,000), Rotterdam (1,904,000), The Hague (1,404,000), and Utrecht (982,000). The total population of the region is 6,787,000.
- ^ a b The Flemish Diamond metropolitan region, which consists of the metropolitan areas of Brussels, Antwerp, Gent, and Leuven, has a total population of 5,103,000.
- ^ a b c Continental placement may vary depending on geographic convention being followed.
- ^ Total population is 4,251,000 if the metropolitan area of Mataro (169,000) is included.
- ^ a b Combined total population of Milan and Bergamo metropolitan areas.
- ^ a b Part of a wider Milan polycentric metropolitan area with a total population of 6,011,000.
- ^ a b Part of the wider Öresund region, which includes the Danish metropolitan area of Copenhagen (1,881,000) and the Swedish metropolitan areas of Malmö (667,000) and Helsingborg (294,000). The total regional population is 2,842,000.
- ^ Probable overestimate
- ^ a b c d Doesn't consider the impact of the Russian invasion
- ^ Total population is 1,090,000 if the metropolitan areas of Prato (240,000), Pistoia (114,000), and Empoli (91,000) are included.
- ^ Part of the Rhein-Main metropolitan region with a total population of 4,149,000, which additionally includes the metropolitan areas of Darmstadt (501,000), Wiesbaden (453,000), and Mainz (431,000).
- ^ a b c d e Data for 2019. No data for 2020 available.
- ^ a b Combined total population of Rotterdam–The Hague metropolitan area.
- ^ Estmation.
- ^ 65% of the population lives on the European part
- ^ a b Part of the polycentric Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan area with a total population of 5,294,000. The region includes the metropolitan areas of Katowice (3,029,000) Ostrava (1,046,000), Bielsko-Biała (584,000), Rybnik (526,000) and Racibórz (109,000).
- ^ Part of the wider Lille-Bassin Minier region with a total population of 3,115,000.
- ^ Lists Málaga (877,868) and Marbella (333,902) as two separate metropolitan areas.
- ^ Total population is 844,000 if the metropolitan area of Vélez-Málaga (69,000) is included.
- ^ Lists Mannheim (683,000) and Ludwigshafen (453,000) as two of eight FUAs within the Rhein-Neckar poly-FUA (2,931,000).
- ^ Does not include Aix-en-Provence, which OECD, unlike INSEE, considers as a separate metropolitan area, with a population of 352,097 in 2020.
- ^ Lists Murcia (646,099) and Cartagena (236,646) as two separate metropolitan areas.
- ^ Lists Murcia-Orihuela poly-FUA (623,000) and Cartagena FUA (231,000) as two separate areas.
- ^ Total population is 3,271,000 if the metropolitan area of Augsburg (606,000) is included.
- ^ Combined total population of Naples, Caserta, and Salerno metropolitan areas.
- ^ Part of a wider polycentric metropolitan area with a population of 3,714,000.
- ^ Does not include Derby, which OECD considers as a separate metropolitan area, with a population of 495,159 in 2020.
- ^ Lists Nottingham (331,297) and Derby (258,746) as two separate metropolitan areas.
- ^ Lists Nottingham (329,448) and Derby (258,148) as two separate metropolitan areas.
- ^ Lists Oviedo (308,314) and Gijón (296,488) as two separate metropolitan areas.
- ^ Total population is 844,000 if the metropolitan area of Aviles (139,000) is included.
- ^ Part of a wider polycentric urban region with a population of 1,778,000.
- ^ Does not include Portsmouth, which OECD considers as a separate metropolitan area, with a population of 542,048 in 2020.
- ^ Lists Portsmouth (676,546) and Southampton (806,001) as two separate metropolitan areas.
- ^ Lists Portsmouth (673,822) and Southampton (802,162) as two separate metropolitan areas.
- ^ a b c Polycentric metropolitan area
- ^ a b Combined total population of Cologne-Bonn and Düsseldorf-Neuss metropolitan areas.
- ^ Lists Düsseldorf (1,555,985), Wuppertal (354,382), and Mönchengladbach (261,454) as three separate metropolitan areas.
- ^ Lists Düsseldorf (1,552,097), Wuppertal (353,590), and Mönchengladbach (262,188) as three separate metropolitan areas.
- ^ Includes Duisburg metropolitan area of Ruhr.
- ^ a b c Part of the polycentric urban region of Rhein-Ruhr, which has a total population of 12,190,000.
- ^ Lists Cologne (2,003,046) and Bonn (927,038) as two separate metropolitan areas.
- ^ Lists Cologne (1,994,524) and Bonn (924,546) as two separate metropolitan areas.
- ^ Does not include Duisburg metropolitan area.
- ^ Total population is 1,262,000 if the metropolitan area of Utrera (82,000) is included.
- ^ Total population is 807,000 if the metropolitan area of Offenburg (146,000) is included.
- ^ Lists Sheffield (584,028) and Doncaster (820,943) as two separate metropolitan areas.
- ^ Lists Sheffield (580,108) and Doncaster (817,158) as two separate metropolitan areas.
- ^ Total population is 1,716,000 if the metropolitan area of Pinerolo (115,000) is included.
- ^ Total population is 1,499,000 if the metropolitan area of Sagunto (101,000) is included.
References[edit]
- ^ "Urbanismi, Cluster urbani e aree metropolitane – volume primo, Italia" (PDF) (in Italian). Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 23 February 2013.
- ^ "Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2019" (PDF).(in Ukrainian)
- ^ "OECD Data Explorer - Population by age and sex - Cities and FUAs". OECD. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
- ^ Brinkhoff, Thomas (1 January 2024). "Major Agglomerations of The World". citypopulation.de. Retrieved 4 March 2024.
- ^ a b "Database". ec.europa.eu. Eurostat. Retrieved 23 May 2024. click General and regional statistics / Regional statistics by typology / Metropolitan regions / Demography statistics by metropolitan regions / Population on 1 January by broad age group, sex and metropolitan regions (met_pjanaggr3)
- ^ "Study on Urban Functions (Project 1.4.3)]" (PDF). European Spatial Planning Observation Network. March 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015., Final Report, Chapter 3
- ^ European Spatial Planning Observation Network, Study on Urban Functions (Project 1.4.3) Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine, Final Report, Chapter 3, (ESPON, 2007) page 241-243
External links[edit]
- Geopolis: research group, university of Paris-Diderot, France - Population of urban areas of 10,000 or more